Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): Economic development and analysis

At a time when the population of our planet is growing rapidly, people's need for food is increasing more and more. Like many other basic consumer goods, milk production and the development of the dairy industry are of great importance in every country today. In this article we discussed the effective use of foreign experience in the development of dairy farming and entrepreneurship. In this regard, the role of small business development in dairy farming is important for our country. The reason is that about 90% of the milk produced in our country comes from farmers and households.

In our country, improving and researching the activities of banks in the fight against the legalization of criminal income is an urgent issue. This article examines the theoretical, economic and legal aspects of the legalization of criminally obtained income through the banking system.

This article discusses the scientific theoretical definitions given by scientists to highly skilled migrants. Particular attention was paid to the problems of determining high qualifications and skills in theoretical and economic-political practice.

The market economy is an economy based on free enterprise and entrepreneurship. Therefore, for the formation and development of entrepreneurship in the private sector, it is necessary to improve the business environment in the economy and thereby increase the profitability of economic sectors, increase the employment of the population, and improve their well-being. In order to achieve such priority results, the economic reforms implemented in our country are aimed at the development of entrepreneurship in the private sector and, on this basis, economic growth and ensuring the stable development of the national economy.

The article examines the literature on Islamic banking, its impact on economic growth, its differences with traditional banks, and the principles of operation, and their results are presented. Problems and solutions for the establishment of Islamic banks in the development of the national economy of Uzbekistan were given.

The article examines at the regional level such indicators as population size, in particular, growth rates and the share of the economically active population, employment and unemployment levels, changes in the ratio of urban and rural populations, as sources of formation of the labor market. An analysis of regional similarities and differences in the dynamics of these indicators has been carried out. Based on the analysis of the trend in the share of the region's population in the country's population, it is assumed that this social process is an important factor in the economic process associated with the formation of labor resources and optimization of the labor market. In recent years, changes in the ratio of urban and rural populations have been assessed as a factor causing regional differences in the relative rates of the economically active population. It was revealed that the sources of formation of the labor market create a trend of change in the same time periods. It is explained that the jump points of unemployment levels in the regions are connected with the strong fluctuations in the growth picture of the economically active population. This is also based on the fact that the growth rate of the unemployment rate is not collinear with the growth rate of the economically active population.

The article analyzes in detail the essence of stock indices in attracting investors to the capital market and methods of their calculation, and also studies the factors influencing them. The importance of stock indices in the development of exchange trading and the influence of their profitability on trading processes are also described.

This article discusses the possibilities of using information technologies in the development of digital logistics in Uzbekistan. The development of digital logistics creates additional opportunities and conveniences for both the state and the population, and most importantly, for companies. Today, companies across all industries are digitizing and changing their models based on new digital transformation trends. Companies continue to offer new processes or modify existing ones. In addition, the establishment of a new corporate culture, even the introduction of a new customer experience to meet the changing needs of consumers and the market, customer requirements. In particular, digital transformation in logistics and transport will help network companies take advantage of new technologies and be competitive in an ever-expanding market. the possibilities of using information technologies in the development of digital logistics are organized, scientific, methodological and practical proposals and recommendations are presented.

This article analyzed the issues of effective employment of unemployed youth, their economic and social support, the orientation of young people to entrepreneurship and the experiences of foreign countries in this regard, the scientific and theoretical views of scientists. As a result, foreign experiments on employment of unemployed youth were studied, and the introduction of them into the economy of our country showed prospects.

The article discusses the issues of providing agro-consulting services in the areas of agriculture, animal husbandry and horticulture in cotton and textile clusters, the introduction of advanced knowledge into production in order to also increase efficiency according to the local characteristics of agricultural production.

This article describes the status of our country’s WTO membership and its goals. After joining the organization, the achievements and shortcomings of our country will be thoroughly analyzed. During the discussion, recommendations for improving the scope of measures implemented in this field of research in Uzbekistan will also be considered.

The article analyzes the processes of transformation of state regulation of socio-economic development of regions and also examines the issues of expanding the powers of territories when making management decisions.

This article analyzes the problems of organizing international cargo transportation. It is noted that the economic indicators of the transport terminal system in international cargo transportation depend on the following indicators: the level of use of modern methods of organizing and planning rolling stock, as well as the growth rate of indicators of motor transport enterprises, the lack of a market for transport forwarding and customs warehouse services, in connection with this terminal business in all countries of the world is a large process of integration into logistics companies and transport and distribution centers.

This article is examined the tourism potential of Egypt, its role in the economy, and the impact of the “Covid-19” pandemic. Also, the negative consequences of pandemia on the means of placement in the country and related sectors are applied.

This article provides an analysis of the production of livestock products, domestically available livestock and consumer products, milk and meat products obtained from them by regions. In the era of digital technologies, the development of the production of livestock products has been shown to have a positive effect on macro- and microeconomic indicators in the economy of the republic.

In this article, directions, methods of development of human resources, scientific and theoretical views, opinions of foreign scientists were studied. At the same time, foreign experience in the development of Human Resources was analyzed. Problems for the development of human resources in our country were identified and scientifically based conclusions and proposals were made leading to their solution.

This article discusses the theoretical foundations, advantages and analysis of the economic significance and functional elements of financial risk management in joint-stock companies, as well as improving development prospects. The existing problems and prospects for the development of financial risk management in joint-stock companies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the author's approaches and proposals to overcome them, are also presented.

This scientific study assesses the impact of the digital economy on labor productivity and provides recommendations for organizations to effectively adapt to the changing environment. Analyzes changes in productivity, resource utilization, and quality of work in the context of digital technologies.

This sciеntific аrticlе sciеntificаlly substаntiаtеs thе grоwing nееd fоr nuclеаr pоwеr plаnts in thе еcоnоmy оf cоuntriеs оf thе wоrld. Thе еxisting nuclеаr pоwеr plаnts in thе cоuntriеs оf thе wоrld tоdаy, thеir cаpаcity, thе disаdvаntаgеs thаt nuclеаr pоwеr plаnts cаn shоw fоr sоciеty, thеir аdvаntаgеs in еcоnоmic аnd industriаl dеvеlоpmеnt, thе rоlе оf nuclеаr pоwеr plаnts in thе prоductiоn оf еlеctricity, thе diffеrеncеs in thе pricеs оf еlеctricity gеnеrаtеd by thеm, thе pоssibilitiеs оf аchiеving thе еcоnоmic аnd sоciаl gоаls оf Sustаinаblе Dеvеlоpmеnt аt

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the intricate relationship between the volume of exports (Y) and freight turnover on railways (X) through a paired linear regression model. The purpose is to discern the quantitative impact of railway freight turnover on a nation's export volumes and offer insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the transportation and trade sectors. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative research design is employed, utilizing historical data spanning from 2000 to 2022. The chosen methodology involves the estimation of a paired linear regression model using the method of least squares. Statistical significance is tested through the coefficient of determination, Fisher's F-test, and an examination of heteroskedasticity. Elasticity analysis, rank correlation, and graphical assessments of residuals provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship. Findings: The research reveals a strong and statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.92) between export volumes and railway freight turnover. The regression model, validated through multiple tests, explains 84.72% of the variability in export volumes. Economic interpretation indicates that a one-unit increase in railway freight turnover leads to a substantial average increase of 1627720.728 units in export volumes. The absence of heteroskedasticity reinforces the robustness of the model.

Increasing the economic potential of agricultural enterprises, developing the production of high-value-added products in the industry, providing the country's industry with raw materials and the population with high-quality food products is important at the present stage of economic reforms. Based on this, this article analyzes the components of the economic potential of agricultural enterprises.

This article provides scientific recommendations and recommendations to the government of Uzbekistan on determining poverty, the causes of its occurrence and providing state social support to the poor and socially vulnerable segments of the population, as well as temporarily affected by economic reforms.

The rapid advancement of digital technologies has brought about unprecedented opportunities and challenges, shaping the trajectory of our future. This article explores the transformative potential of digital technologies across various sectors and examines the ethical, regulatory, and societal implications associated with their adoption. Drawing on insights from academic research and industry practices, it underscores the importance of responsible innovation and collaboration in leveraging digital technologies to create a more inclusive and sustainable future.

This article summarizes the legal framework, objectives and stages of property valuation. After the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the field of assessment began to develop in our country, and at the same time its legal framework was also updated and improved. Laws Relating specifically to assessment activities are studied into two groups, General and private laws. The main document regulating the assessment activity is the law “on assessment”, the decision “on measures to further develop the market of assessment services”of June 1, 2018 PQ-3764 on the development of this activity, and the decisions “PQ-4381” of July 1, 2019 on further improvement of assessment activities and measures to simplify the mechanisms for the sale of enterprises with low.

In the article, the prospects of improving the ways of ecotourism development in Surkhandarya region are outlined. According to the author, effective management and development of tourism industry potential of Surkhandarya region can be done by finding, introducing and adapting the current economic conditions, innovative tools and methods of improving management decision-making processes. Therefore, the author proposed a new way of conducting and managing the industry in order to ensure the development of the potential of the tourism industry and the successful operation of the development of ecotourism in the Surkhandarya region and on this basis "Surkhon Tourism" application was developed.

The article examines the main issues of transformation of commercial banks in the context of the development of digital technologies in the Republic of Uzbekistan at the present stage. Existing problems associated with the development of remote banking services and mobile technologies have also been identified. Based on the research, practical proposals and scientific recommendations have been developed to improve the transformation of commercial banks in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

ssues of selection and development of seeds of plants resistant to dry and high temperature in the conditions of climate change, further expansion of ecological and biological approaches, use of land and water saving modern technologies in food production are examined.

The paper discusses the importance of studying foreign experiences in improving ecological agriculture and the system of organic product cultivation. It is viewed as a crucial direction for diversifying the economy. This approach is aimed at transitioning enterprises towards the production and processing of ecological products, moving agriculture towards sustainable development, enhancing the competitiveness of products, increasing employment in rural areas, and improving the ecological-economic efficiency of production. The paper focuses on agricultural sustainability, organic farming, and economic diversification in the context of ecological product cultivation and processing. The case of cotton production in the transition to organic farming is analyzed, and recommendations are provided.

The article discusses various models and strategies for diversifying the tourism market. Including geographic diversification, market segmentation, product diversification, infrastructure development, technological innovation, sustainable tourism, tourism cooperation issues, seasonality and year-round diversification, marketing strategies, tourism packages and sectors, diversification of the tourism market through gastronomic tourism and craft tourism. the content, essence and significance of the models are highlighted.

In this article, the issues of scarcity of water resources in agriculture, the urgency of transferring all irrigated agricultural fields to fully water-saving technologies, the widespread application of market mechanisms to the sector, measures to further increase incentive mechanisms for farmers and farmers who have introduced water-saving technologies, and the economic efficiency of rain-fed irrigation in wheat fields are discussed. and the scientific and technical conclusions of increasing productivity and reducing the cost of products along with eliminating the water shortage are described with specific examples and the necessary conclusions and suggestions are given.

The article is devoted to the analysis of current investment trends in the diversification of the economy of Uzbekistan and the development of proposals to increase investment potential. The growth rate of investment in the regions of the country in 2017-2023 is analyzed. Conclusions are drawn to increase investment activity.

The article is devoted to identifying ways to improve the management accounting methodology of companies in the energy industry of Uzbekistan to increase the efficiency of their financial management. To do this, a regression analysis of the dependence of the availability and quality of provided electricity resources in Uzbekistan on the factors identified in the literature review is carried out based on World Bank statistics for 2003-2020. As a result, key areas of management accounting for companies in the energy industry of Uzbekistan have been identified, which have the greatest positive impact on the efficiency of their financial management. Taking into account the identified areas, the author's recommendations are proposed to improve the methodology of management accounting of energy industry companies in Uzbekistan to increase the efficiency of their financial management.

Tourism is a labor-intensive industry that provides diversified employment in many different sectors of the economy, as it includes various types of economic activities that create a common tourism product. Our task in this article is to study international recommendations and explore the impact of tourism on the employment market and vice versa the employment market on tourism, as well as to offer a number of recommendations for improving the methodology for accounting of employment in the tourism sector.

Excise tax plays a decisive role in fiscal policy, influencing consumption patterns, market behavior and income generation. In the article, the economic basis of excise tax, the methodology of their calculation and the analytical basis of assessing their impact on various interested parties and the economy as a whole were considered and conclusions were drawn.

In global banking practice, including the banking practice of Uzbekistan, deposits are one of the main types of obligations of commercial banks. Therefore, ensuring the stability of banks’ deposit base is one of the prerequisites for ensuring their liquidity and financial stability. The article identifies current problems associated with attracting deposits and contributions to commercial banks of the republic and develops scientific proposals aimed at solving these problems.

The article discusses the economic and theoretical foundations of ensuring the quality of an insurance product. It analyzes the factors that make consumers feel satisfied with insurance products and motivate them to purchase the products. The main solutions and directions for increasing the attractiveness of insurance products are also mentioned.

This article is devoted to the theoretical foundations of e-commerce taxation, and a literature analysis of many economists has been carried out within the framework of the topic. The evolution of e-commerce taxation is reviewed, the main problems today are revealed, and conclusions are drawn at the end of the topic.

This article pays special attention to the fact that labor resources represent the working-age part of the country’s population. Suggestions and recommendations were made regarding the need to form labor resources from the population of the country or its individual regions, capable of working, possessing certain knowledge, skills, professions, production or service capabilities.

The article provides a historiographical analysis of the issue of the functioning of foreign investments in the national economy. The aim of the author was to characterize the main stages of the development of the theory and practice of attracting foreign investment, as well as to analyze the views of various foreign and domestic scientists on the role of foreign investment in the development of the country.

To determine the directions for improving corporate culture in joint-stock companies, attention must be paid to its advantages and problems. An effective corporate culture directly influences the activities and long-term prospects of joint-stock companies. Such a culture is one of the most important factors for the success of joint-stock companies and is crucial in maintaining a competitive edge. Moreover, it affects the ethical virtues, dedication, work productivity, physical health, and emotional well-being of individuals in the organization. This article analyzes the problems of corporate culture in joint-stock companies and identifies ways to effectively address them. It also examines the importance of corporate culture and its role in the company's operations, as well as the impact of culture on economic indicators. Issues such as insufficient development of corporate culture, weak communication among employees, and non-compliance with ethics and values are analyzed. Solutions proposed include strategic approaches to developing corporate culture, regular educational and training programs, creating an open communication and trust environment, and developing and implementing ethical codes. The research provides practical recommendations for improving and effectively managing corporate culture in joint-stock companies.

This article covers the issues of improving profit tax accounting based on international standards of financial reporting. Also, the accounting of profit tax is presented on the basis of practical information.

Today in Uzbekistan, as in many countries of the world, great attention is paid to the development of transport logistics. Geographical location of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the center of Central Asia allows the country to effectively use the potential of transport corridors, passing through this region

This article examines the influence of the corporate tax system on the financial decisions of enterprises. The study analyzes the impact of corporate tax on the transfer of profits and the capital structure of companies. As a result of the analysis, conclusions were drawn on improving the corporate tax system

The dissertation article explores the essence and highlights the structural elements of the informal sector of the economy, and reveals the content of the category of the informal economy from the point of view of taxation. Based on a review of theoretical literature, international practice and analysis of the situation in Uzbekistan, proposals and practical recommendations for the effective use of taxation mechanisms in containing and reducing the size of the shadow economy have been formed.

In the article, an innovative study was conducted in foreign countries, using advanced econometric models of the analysis of the influence of digital parameters on macroeconomic indicators. The influence of numerical parameters on the GDP per capita of foreign countries was analyzed and 21-year indicators of the data of the World Bank (https://data.worldbank.org/) were used. Since the research data are based on multivariate time series, econometric equations were developed using autoregressive distributed lag ARDL (Autoregressive distributed lag) model. The results of the study showed that digital parameters in these regions showed a significant impact, showing a direct positive correlation with macroeconomic indicators.

The article presents analytical opinions about the work carried out to reduce poverty in our country and the region, as well as future plans. As a result of training the population in entrepreneurship and thrift, a statistical analysis of the work carried out to reduce poverty and further develop the standard of living of the population based on the neighborhood work system was carried out. In the conclusion, proposals and recommendations for the further development of the living standards of the population based on the neighborhood work system are presented

In this article, the methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the unified centralized dispatching service in the digital economy and advanced foreign experiences regarding its use are presented. It was noted that the focus on social innovation by improving the service of the unified centralized dispatching service to improve the lifestyle and welfare of the population has been effectively implemented in countries such as China, Japan, Malaysia, Qatar, Germany, Korea, Austria, India, Canada and the USA.

The article discusses the issues of results-oriented budgeting. Results-based budgeting in a complex nonlinear system requires the formation of a clear financial goal. This also requires the formation of some basic indicators to determine even non-financial factors, norms, values that can be converted into budget revenues and expenses. The purpose of budget formation and execution is to achieve specific results in accordance with the strategic directions, goals and objectives of state budget policy.
The author proposes a model for combining budget management with the “target funnel (vortex)” method, which ensures that budget expenditures are directed towards a target with the efficiency of their use in the financial and economic space. Performance management requires the work to be done to achieve them and the resources that must be expended in the process of doing that work. The paradigm that integrates the management of these three components is performance budgeting. The hallmark of results-based budgeting is flexibility. This flexibility allows the program administrator to adjust the annual financial plan based on the results of systematic monitoring of management activities, decision-making and measures to further improve public administration. It will also be possible to reward subjects who achieve the best results.

The article is devoted to the improvement of the mechanism of crediting education, and many scientific studies have been studied in the framework of the study. Existing problems in education crediting mechanisms were examined one by one, as well as sustainable financing models were studied and proposed to be introduced in Uzbekistan

This article describes the peculiarities and differences of initial and fair value valuation of investment real estate, cases of transfer or exclusion of investment real estate used for personal needs. The article also considers changes in the structure of investment real estate, changes in its use and its impact on profits and losses.The processes of transfer of real estate from reserves to investment real estate and transfer of investment real estate to other types of property are presented in the accounting accounts, practical examples of enterprises developing their basic accounting documents. In addition, the article describes the procedure for accounting the difference between the balance value and the fair value of investment real estate used for personal needs. The procedures for opening and applying these accounting procedures are presented in accordance with international accounting standards

The article analyzes the experiences used in the subjects of the Russian Federation on reserving jobs for persons with disabilities. In particular, the number of quota jobs allocated for disabled people, the benefits given to employers for hiring disabled people, and the issues of the organization of special jobs were studied in detail. Also, the article analyzes the issues of control over the fulfillment of legal requirements on quota by employers, transparency and disclosure of information in this direction

The article examines the concept and essence of technical support, its role in evaluating promising projects, trends in the development of financing investment projects, issues of raising funds and factors influencing their timely development. The foreign experience of banks in attracting credit resources from international financial organizations has been studied. In addition, the possibilities of applying international experience in the field of technical evaluation of projects, ways of cooperation with international financial institutions such as the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) were considered.

Compiled in accordance with international and national standards using the direct and indirect method, the “Cash Flow Statement” is not without certain information limitations.Also, the indicators of this report are filled in by sampling data from numerous accounts for cash and non-cash transactions. Having information limitations in the report and filling out its indicators based on the above procedure, naturally, do not provide a complete guarantee in providing investors, owners, and managers of enterprises with reliable information, respectively, and in making real decisions. Considering the current existence of such a situation at every enterprise, this article explores ways to improve the “Cash Flow Statement” in form and content, as well as expand its information capabilities

In recent years, mortgage loans have become increasingly important. Also, without a system, the timely development of the capital market, including mortgage and insurance, is impossible. From this point of view, this topic is always relevant and is the focus of attention of researchers. This article analyzes the concept of mortgage insurance, its main types and implementation mechanisms. The article also indicates the main advantages of mortgage insurance for various participants in these relationships

This article highlights the relevance of digital Economy and the digitalization of economic sectors at present. Besides andSecondly, the prospects for the introduction of virtual services and information technologies in the service sector were studied on the example of Hududgaztaʼminot JSC.

In this article , the industrial development mechanism developed to increase the industrial potential of Namangan region is proposed. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at complex-innovative development of Namangan region have been developed. The connection between the industry and the socio-economic development of the region, its impact on economic growth and the well-being of the population is scientifically based. The current state of socio-economic development trends in the region is evaluated. The main factors and characteristics of the development of economic growth and increase in population income are described with a deep analysis of the existing natural economic potential

This article examines sectors of the economy, goals, directions and objects of industry policy, measures to regulate the processes of industry specialization of small businesses, criteria for economic liberalization and economic freedom, indicators characterizing economic freedom in developing countries based on a free economy. The change in business activity of entrepreneurs by the mechanism of state regulation, the mechanism “Territory + industry map of small business activity” is highlighted.

The article discusses the concept of financial stability of an enterprise, describes modern approaches to assessing financial stability and ways to improve it. The importance of managing the financial stability of an enterprise in modern conditions of external threats is emphasized.

The article discusses conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the concept and essence of accounting. Due to accounting, the activities of business entities determine the stability of the economy and its development. Accounting increases the predictability of the results of business entities' activities, allowing them to anticipate and prevent their crises, as well as the use of financial statements allows reducing economic cycles

This article describes the types of service industry, its meaning and essence. Economic and statistical analysis of the main indicators of the service sector by type of activity. Also, using statistical methods, the share of the service sector in GDP was studied and compared.