Vol. 2 No. 9 (2024): Economic Development and Analysis

The research, based on the analysis of foreign economic activity indicators and the collected data, evaluated the dynamics of export volumes of our Republic in 2010-2023. Used in the analysis of dynamics series: absolute increase or decrease, rate of increase or decrease; the rate of additional growth or decrease used statistical analysis indicators of the absolute value of one percent additional increase or decrease. The need to regularly analyze the export dynamics series will help prevent problems that may arise in the future.

In the case of processing of extracted natural gas, oil, and gas condensate, the tax base is realized and expanded, effective organization of tax control of large taxpayers in the field of oil, gas, fuel, and energy industry. Issues, scientific proposals, and recommendations for solving the problem of taxation have been developed.

The article examines the role of the tourism industry in the economy, emphasizing its importance as a driver of growth, job creation and infrastructure development. The main economic indicators demonstrating the contribution of tourism to GDP and social well-being are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the theoretical conceptual foundations of taxation of tourism activities. The existing tax regimes, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the impact of tax policy on the development of the tourism sector are discussed. The author offers recommendations on optimizing the tax burden for travel companies, which can contribute to improving the competitiveness of the industry. The article concludes with conclusions on the need for an integrated approach to tourism taxation, taking into account both economic and social aspects.

The article examines the theoretical description of currency transactions and their impact on the country's economic indicators. The main problems of the foreign exchange market of Uzbekistan are that the demand for foreign currency exceeds the supply, the stability of the national currency exchange rate, etc. The current state of foreign exchange operations in Uzbekistan is being studied and proposals for improvement are being developed.

According to the article, excise taxes are included in the price of excise goods and thus passed on to final consumers. At the same time, the amount of excise tax significantly determines the price level of taxed goods and also affects consumer demand. Excise tax plays an important role in the formation of state revenues and regulation of the consumption of certain goods and services. This article reviews the existing literature on excise tax administration, concludes advanced international experiences. It defines the main directions of improvement of control mechanisms, the main focus is on policy reforms, technological integration, and capacity building in tax authorities.

This article presents an analysis of scientific and theoretical approaches aimed at the introduction of international transformation processes, highlights strategic trends in the economic and technological environment of international transformation processes in the activities of commercial banks of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Justification of the expediency to ensure transformation in the form of transactions and transactions aimed at meeting the customer's need for banking services and charging fees based on digital technologies.

The main aim of the study is to investigate the impact of inflation targeting (IT) strategy in Turkey during 2002-2022, which was adopted in a three-year period of 2002-2004, on macroeconomic performance (actual inflation, exchange and interest rates) and economic growth of Turkey (in terms of the real GDP). The econometric and empirical investigation of this research focusing on the impact of inflation targeting on the selected macroeconomic variables were carried out by the linear squares method (LSM) regression taking the data of the period after implementation of the monetary policy. At this, the independent variable of inflation targeting was estimated against each chosen macroeconomic variable separately in four different models to catch its linear impact on the changes of these variables over the period after implementation of the strategy. The empirical outcomes demonstrated that inflation targeting monetary policy is strong enough to impact the macroeconomic performance of Turkey in terms of reducing inflation rates, boosting economy by pushing real GDP to grow, stabilize exchange rates and lower the nominal interest rates on deposits.

Since ensuring employment manifests itself as a socio-economic phenomenon, based on the experience of foreign economists, scientific and methodological descriptions are given of the elimination of situations related to the satisfaction of personal and social needs that do not contradict legal documents.

The article presents the term diversification, its history and definitions given on this subject by european, russian, uzbek scientists, and the author also gives a definition. The role, significance and types of diversification in the service sector in the process of globalization are analyzed. It explains how diversification can help in a competitive market, thanks to which you can achieve financial stability, have your own place in the market, be able to assess risks, and be able to correctly allocate resources. , it is mentioned in detail that it can withstand the economic downturn, addressing the problems associated with the sector. The article provides information on the possibility of increasing customers and achieving their loyalty through diversification of services.

This article examines the ways of ensuring the investment attractiveness of the joint-stock company. Analysis of opinions of scientists aimed at ensuring the investment attractiveness of enterprises, as well as institutional factors of ensuring investment attractiveness were studied. At the same time, the financial and economic situation of "Uzbekneftegaz" JSC, selected for the article, was analyzed. The author developed conclusions and suggestions based on these analyses

This article examines the current issues in the development of employee training and development within the human resource management (HRM) system of organizations. In modern market conditions, improving the professional skills and potential of employees is one of the key factors for organizations. The article analyzes the importance of employee training and development, methods for effectively organizing this process, and the prospects for further development

In this article, special attention is paid to further reducing the negative impact on the competitiveness of the republicʼs economy by gradually reducing the monopoly on commodity and financial markets, improving the efficiency of the system of granting benefits and preferences, as well as reducing the regulatory burden on business entities and radically improving the interaction of taxpayers in the implementation of tax administration and the fulfillment of tax obligations of the republic.

The tax system in Uzbekistan has been evolving as a result of recent reforms, bringing about challenges such as the complexity of tax legislation, the incomplete digitalization process, and financial risks affecting the economic stability of taxpayers. This article explores the specific features of tax risk management in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the measures to mitigate these risks. The article outlines proposed methods for managing tax risks, including simplifying legislation, enhancing digitalization, and strengthening tax control. Additionally, concrete proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of the tax system are provided. The article is intended to contribute to the improvement of tax system efficiency and the overall economic stability of the country.

In this article, using the example of the Surkhandarya region, the dynamics of production of fruit and vegetable products is analyzed and forecasted using economic and statistical methods. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations aimed at further development of the fruit and vegetable industry in the regions are also developed.

This article examines the impact of digital transformation and digital technologies on the effectiveness of banking activities. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and empirical data, the authors explore various dimensions of digital technologies and their impact on banking performance. In the article, digital transformation in the banking system involves the integration of digital technologies to modernize operations, improve customer experience and improve overall efficiency. This process has gained significant momentum in recent years as banks strive to remain competitive in a rapidly evolving financial environment. In the banking system, the analysis of digital transformations has been comprehensively analyzed on several key technologies that play a decisive role in increasing efficiency.

The article deals with the preparation of financial accounts in railway transport enterprises, the formation of accounting policies, the documentation of data and the reflection in financial reports and management in accordance with international standards.

In thе аrtiсlе is givеn thе рrоblеm оf using аrtifiсiаl intеlligеnсе (АI) tесhnоlоgiеs fоr tеасhing а fоrеign lаnguаgе аt univеrsitу. А rеviеw оf sсiеntifiс аnd mеthоdоlоgiсаl litеrаturе оn thе usе оf АI in еduсаtiоn is givеn. АI sеrviсеs dеsignеd fоr tеасhing fоrеign lаnguаgеs, аs wеll аs АI tооls thаt асt аs tеасhеr аssistаnts аrе соnsidеrеd. Thе linguоdidасtiс сараbilitiеs оf сhаtbоts аrе аnаlуzеd. Орtiоns fоr АI-bаsеd tаsks fоr оrgаnizing thе еduсаtiоnаl рrосеss аrе рrеsеntеd. In thе соursе оf thеir studу, thе аuthоr сamе tо thе соnсlusiоn thаt thе usе оf АI саn fасilitаtе thе рrераrаtiоn оf а fоrеign lаnguаgе tеасhеr fоr сlаssеs аnd сhесking hоmеwоrk, rеduсing thе timе sреnt оn rоutinе tаsks. Studеnts саn turn tо АI tооls tо рrасtiсе vаriоus lаnguаgе аsресts. Hоwеvеr, а соmрlеtе rерlасеmеnt оf аn АI tеасhеr is nоt роssiblе, sinсе АI lасks thе аbilitу tо nаvigаtе thе lеаrning соntехt, еmраthizе with studеnts, mоtivаtе thеm tо реrsоnаl dеvеlорmеnt аnd еnсоurаgе сritiсаl thinking. Wоrk in thе fiеld оf using АI in tеасhing fоrеign lаnguаgеs, in аdditiоn tо сrеаting nеw АI tооls, shоuld bе саrriеd оut in rеlаtiоn tо thе dеvеlорmеnt оf sуstеms оf соrrеsроnding tаsks, аs wеll аs аlgоrithms fоr intеrасtiоn bеtwееn tеасhеrs аnd studеnts with АI.

The fuel and energy complex (FEC) plays a pivotal role in global economic stability and growth. This article explores the concept of enhancing the innovative potential of FEC enterprises through targeted strategies, supported by statistical data reflecting current trends and outcomes.

The article analyzes the problems of assessing and managing the quality of education in higher educational institutions in the field of technology. It discusses the methods of improving the quality of teaching processes and managing the quality of education in the modern educational system. It has also been highlighted the application of statistical approaches to the assessment of student appropriation performance and the importance of these approaches in monitoring the quality of education. The results of the article include important scientific and practical recommendations in improving the quality of education for higher educational institutions in the technical direction.

It is vеry impоrtаnt tо study еcоnоmic, psychоlоgicаl аnd mаrkеting аpprоаchеs in thе аnаlysis оf cоnsumеr bеhаviоr mоdеls, which аllоws us tо undеrstаnd thе pеrmissiblе аrеаs аnd bоundаriеs оf thеir аpplicаtiоn fоr ехplаining аnd prеdicting cоnsumеr chоicе. This аrticlе dеscribеs thе еvоlutiоn аnd stаgеs оf dеvеlоpmеnt оf cоnsumеr bеhаviоr thеоriеs.

In this article, the indicators of the growth of the populationʼs demand for meat products, especially meat products, and the processes of production of substitute goods to ensure the stability of the price of meat products are analyzed. Also, as substitutes for the demand for meat and meat products, the need to pay special attention to increasing the volume of fish and poultry meat production and the issues of intensive production of meat for these products in an efficient way compared to others will be researched.

In this article, the indicators of the growth of the populationʼs demand for meat products, especially meat products, and the processes of production of substitute goods to ensure the stability of the price of meat products are analyzed. Also, as substitutes for the demand for meat and meat products, the need to pay special attention to increasing the volume of fish and poultry meat production and the issues of intensive production of meat for these products in an efficient way compared to others will be researched.

The article focuses on the development of family entrepreneurship in the context of Uzbekistan's digital economy. It discusses key legal acts and strategies aimed at supporting small businesses, creating jobs, reducing poverty, and improving living standards. The article also provides an analysis of statistical data on the growth of family businesses and their contribution to the country's industrial output. Recommendations are made for further development of family businesses using digital technologies.

In this article, the experience of foreign countries in increasing the competitiveness of food industry enterprises, innovative news in food industry enterprises, reforms aimed at the development of food industry enterprises in nationalism, existing problems, scientific researches and their results, statistical analyzes and the implementation of innovative solutions are presented in this article. a number of issues are scientifically described.

This research paper sheds light on how time and efficiency factors are evaluated in the process of managing investment projects. The main focus is on the opportunities to obtain economic benefits by increasing efficiency and shortening project implementation periods during the project life cycle. This topic is very relevant today and is considered as one of the main criteria for successful implementation of projects and increasing their economic efficiency. Decision-making on investment projects is often time-constrained and requires effective planning and management.
Theoretical and practical aspects of project management were studied in the research. In particular, efficiency criteria were analyzed to increase the time-saving opportunities and profitability of the projects. The impact of time management on the project economy has been thoroughly studied, and the possibilities of obtaining economic benefits by reducing the time in the implementation of various projects have been considered. The study analyzes the factors necessary to improve the effectiveness of project management, including the optimal allocation of financial resources, manpower and technological infrastructure. The impact of proper planning and effective use of time in project management on the investment process is shown using practical examples. In addition to theoretical foundations, examples based on Uzbekistan and international experience are presented in the work

This article presents scientific research addressing the notion of equality in the retirement age for men and women. The research evaluated citizens' opinions on the feasibility of equalizing the retirement age for men and women, considering statistical data, international experiences, public opinion, and expert surveys, alongside the contemporary socio-economic conditions of Uzbekistan's development, to determine the optimal retirement age through analysis.

In order to stabilize the financial situation in prestigious companies around the world, create new jobs and achieve economic growth, it is necessary to "switch to international standards of management, use transfer assessments in the process of concluding financial agreements in the cluster and cooperative system entities, provide financial and management reports on operational segments".

The article is devoted to the study of the fundamentals of the methodology of corporate social responsibility (CSR) management in industrial enterprises. The paper examines the theoretical aspects of CSR, including theoretical aspects, key approaches and practical tools. The classification of approaches to CSR management, such as traditional, strategic and integration approaches, has been carried out. Special attention is paid to the specifics of CSR application in industrial enterprises, taking into account environmental, social and economic aspects.

This article discusses the application and modification of lease instrument, which is one of the services of Islamic finance. The important features of financing the lease transaction and the corresponding accounting policy and procedure are described and explained. In particular, it is emphasized that when using lease as an instrument of Islamic finance, the presence of an asset in the lease agreement, full provision of all descriptions and full fulfillment of the terms of the contract are among the most important aspects. In conclusion, it is substantiated that with this type of contract, the amount of fair rent does not lead to unjust enrichment as a result of the exchange of opposite values.

This study examines the impact of the VAT rate on business activity and budget revenues. A review of scientific literature on the effects of high VAT rates was conducted. The article analyzes issues related to VAT administration. As a result of the analysis, appropriate conclusions were drawn.

In the article, the analysis of the practical situation of the financial indicators directly and indirectly affecting the lending mechanism is carried out on the example of a foreign commercial bank, and the results are highlighted. In particular, scientific conclusions were formed by analyzing the 10-year dynamics of commercial banks' composition of assets and liabilities, profitability of assets and capital, structure of bank income.

Ensuring the sustainability of commercial banks' liabilities is a prerequisite for strengthening their resource base and ensuring solvency. In particular, the stability of the share of regulatory capital in the volume of liabilities increases the resilience of a commercial bank to the consequences of financial crises, and ensuring the adequacy of deposits plays an important role in strengthening the bank’s resource base.

The article considers the current state of small and medium-sized businesses (SMB) in Kazakhstan on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of state measures to support entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan, identifies the main barriers that hinder its growth and development. Special attention is paid to the problems of lending, taxation and access to information resources. The author considers effective strategies implemented by the government of Kazakhstan within the framework of national programmes and initiatives, and assesses their effectiveness on the basis of available empirical data. International experience is also analysed to identify the most successful incentive mechanisms. The paper offers specific recommendations for improving the institutional environment and developing a comprehensive system of support for priority areas of SME development. The importance of creating favourable conditions for innovation and increasing the export potential of enterprises is discussed. The final part is devoted to strategic planning at the state level to achieve sustainable socio-economic development.

In this article, the authors analyzed current state in mutual trade between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation, its commodity structure and dynamics.

This article examines the process of transition of the Republic of Korea to a green economy, the “new green course” and prospects for its implementation, existing problems and ways to solve them, the impact of the “green growth” strategy on the development of the country’s economy, ways of financing and implementation. The article also discusses the current state of the long-term national strategy for “green growth” (2009-2050), adopted by the Republic of Korea in 2008, as well as recommendations and proposals for the development of the industry.

The article discusses the importance of financial literacy in solving the urgent strategic task of reducing poverty and ensuring the well-being of the people. It analyzes trends in the socio-economic development of the country's regions. It examines the dependence of the level of financial literacy on education and age, as well as foreign experience in conducting financial literacy lessons. The author draws conclusions on the organization of teaching financial literacy to various groups of the population.

The article discusses the types of share prices and methods of determining them using various approaches.

This article analyses the sources of formation and reserves of water resources, the state of water consumption by sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of water resources management in Uzbekistan in the medium term at the transboundary and national levels are proposed.

In this article, the essence of the economic category of the green economy is scientifically and theoretically researched, the role of economic entities in the conditions of the green economy, their socio-economic and economic activities, theoretical issues of accounting for capital investments, in particular, the organization and maintenance of accounting for capital investments in economic entities Issues such as importance are covered.

In this article, the need to adapt the production of small businesses to the conditions of economic modernization has led to increased interest in the formation of an innovative infrastructure, since it is almost impossible to identify prospects and develop measures to increase the competitiveness of the industry in market conditions without anticipating further development trends. In this regard, important internal and external factors influencing the development of measures to develop the infrastructure of innovative services for small business enterprises are highlighted.

In the era of Industry 4.0, all industries must adapt to the new environment, be aware of social and technological changes. The textile industry, as a major industry, needs to be aware of digital transformation and technological evolution, commonly referred to as Textile 4.0. The main purpose of this article is to describe the past, present and future of the textile industry, with special emphasis on the main technological problems of the industry and social transitions. In the study, the achievements of some countries and the textile industry of our country are analyzed

Annotation: as a result of the reforms carried out today in order to attract international and local consultants or organizations for the sale of state assets and further improve the competitive environment, according to the relevant decision and assignments of the state commission for the privatization of state assets and coordination of privatization processes, in the last three years the state share of the Taking into account this, this article explores the existing problems in the development of reforms carried out in order to establish constant control over the course of the implementation of the schedules for attracting foreign investors to Joint-Stock Companies and to implement the processes of privatization of state-owned objects on the principles of openness and transparency, legality, to create equal conditions.

It is aimed at improving the social stratification of the population and their standard of living, reducing inequality. In addition, solving the issues of distribution and redistribution of the population's income will ensure a comfortable standard of living not only for the needy. In a certain sense, the provision of employment in the informal sector is aimed at protecting the social rights of employees. Establishing progressive tax rates on the incomes of individuals in order to reduce the level of income stratification of the population in our country. Entrepreneurship is aimed at creating new jobs and increasing income. According to the information given above, a new approach to higher education institutions, a modified introduction to the education system is becoming a demand of the times. The article focuses on the preparation of highly qualified personnel through the introduction of training into the higher education system.

This article examines the experience of countries such as the USA, Great Britain, Spain, in the practice of implementing ESOP in business entities, analyzes the state of implementation of this system in Uzbekistan and, based on best practices, provides suggestions and recommendations to accelerate the implementation of ESOP in joint-stock companies with a state share of 50 percent or more.

This article notes the problems in the field of trade today. Economists' approaches to the concept of economic efficiency are analyzed. 8 key indicators of economic efficiency presented in foreign sources were analyzed on the example of a trading company. Based on the analysis of sources, economic efficiency indicators are divided into five groups and a system of 27 indicators has been developed. The implementation of these proposals is an important factor in finding opportunities to increase the economic efficiency of commercial enterprises.

From a theoretical point of view, the article highlights the foreign experience of legal regulation of the organization of internal control and audit, which includes the stages of development of legal support for the organization of internal control and audit around the world, the provisions of the Sarbanes Law. The Oxley Act on the organization of internal control, including: issues such as corporate responsibility, auditor independence and conflict of interest, transparency of financial reporting, creation of regulatory bodies at the organizational and state levels are explored.
The article also provides a more comprehensive overview of the responsibilities for setting up and maintaining internal controls and the requirements for a board of directors in the UK. In addition, the main documents in the field of regulation of internal control and audit in the EU countries were studied. Unlike foreign countries, our national legislation subjected to a critical analysis of the existing legal documents on the organization of internal control and audit.

The textile and sewing and knitting industry of Uzbekistan is one of the dynamically developing sectors of our country's economy, which is facilitated by the availability of its own raw material base and the constantly growing demand for manufactured products. Due to its competitive potential, it occupies a leading position in attracting foreign investment in the organization of new enterprises, employment, export of products, and is also one of the strategically important areas in the global specialization of the national economy of the country. Based on this, it is important to develop strategies to reduce the cost of production, increase the competitiveness of domestic products on the world market, by optimizing the costs of textile industry enterprises.

In this article, the circumstances encouraging to go beyond the limits of objective market laws in the formation of the structural structure of small business are identified, and the author's method of evaluating the level of efficiency of the structural structure of small business by types of economic activity is developed. The level of profitability of small business in Uzbekistan according to the types of economic activity was determined, and the level of efficiency of the structural structure was evaluated according to the types of economic activity of small business in Uzbekistan.

This In this article, the analysis of the dynamics of the number of enterprises that are the main type of service activity in the Khorezm region, the number of subjects of service activity in the districts of the Khorezm region and the dynamics of the volume of services provided by them, the analysis of the dynamics of the volume of services provided per capita in the Khorezm region and the development characteristics of the service sector, Khorezm the goals of further development of enterprises in the field of service provision, creation of more favorable economic and legal conditions for the implementation of economic activities in the region are highlighted.

In this article, the main focus in modern concepts of modernization of higher education was on improving the quality of education, training of competitive specialists in the labor market, the innovation model of improving the quality of education on the basis of the interaction of the higher education system and the labor market, and the analysis of subjects ensuring the management of the quality of.

This research paper examines the content of financing higher education institutions, sources of financing and the role of extra-budgetary funds in it. The main indicators of extra-budgetary funds of higher education institutions were also analyzed and corresponding conclusions were made, scientific proposals and practical recommendations were developed.

This article examines the opinions of local and foreign scholars on the economic reforms implemented in our country, the need to improve the administration and methodology of direct taxes, its socio-economic importance, theoretical and legal issues. Also, based on the results of the research conducted on the topic, conclusions and proposals were developed regarding the improvement of tax administration and methodology.

This article provides information about effective investment activities that stimulate increased production efficiency in the context of the modern development of the world economy, strategic support for forming internal mechanisms, and the presence of main negative trends that impede the development of investment activities. processes in the Republic of Uzbekistan and promising directions for their development.