This article notes the problems in the field of trade today. Economists' approaches to the concept of economic efficiency are analyzed. 8 key indicators of economic efficiency presented in foreign sources were analyzed on the example of a trading company. Based on the analysis of sources, economic efficiency indicators are divided into five groups and a system of 27 indicators has been developed. The implementation of these proposals is an important factor in finding opportunities to increase the economic efficiency of commercial enterprises.

This article discusses in detail the concept of economic efficiency of the railway transport system and its theoretical foundations. The economic efficiency of transport services represents the rational use of transport resources and the ability to have a positive impact on national economic growth. This article reviews important aspects of international and local experience. It also identifies the main indicators and criteria used to assess economic efficiency. The results of the study serve as an important scientific basis for developing strategies aimed at developing the railway transport system. The article analyzes the concept of economic efficiency and modern approaches to its assessment.

This scientific study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the economic efficiency of tax incentives and subsidy policies in the development of the hotel industry in Uzbekistan and South Korea. The work comprehensively studies the methods of financial stimulation of the hotel sector, their impact on investment attractiveness and regional economic 

growth based on the experience of the two countries. The main objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of economic instruments that support the development of the hotel industry, in particular, through tax incentives and state subsidies. At the same time, the practical results of public-private partnership mechanisms are also evaluated based on empirical evidence. During the study, the relative advantages of the effectiveness of financial approaches used in Uzbekistan and South Korea are determined; The impact of tax and subsidy policies on reducing interregional disparities and increasing tourism potential is assessed; An incentive model adapted for Uzbekistan, based on international best practices, is developed. This study is of practical and theoretical importance for economists, analysts, tourism decision-makers, investment policymakers, as well as postgraduate researchers. The study not only highlights existing economic and institutional problems, but also puts forward scientifically based proposals for their solution. Therefore, this work serves as a reliable source for creating a sustainable tourism policy. The scientific novelty of the study is the first systematic comparative analysis of the practice of applying tax incentives and subsidies in the hotel industry of Uzbekistan and South Korea. This work identifies the impact of tax incentives on criteria such as investment activity, regional development, and service quality. In addition, an incentive model adapted to national conditions and focused on economic efficiency was developed, and practical recommendations were given for the development of tourism infrastructure based on public-private partnerships.

This research paper sheds light on how time and efficiency factors are evaluated in the process of managing investment projects. The main focus is on the opportunities to obtain economic benefits by increasing efficiency and shortening project implementation periods during the project life cycle. This topic is very relevant today and is considered as one of the main criteria for successful implementation of projects and increasing their economic efficiency. Decision-making on investment projects is often time-constrained and requires effective planning and management.
Theoretical and practical aspects of project management were studied in the research. In particular, efficiency criteria were analyzed to increase the time-saving opportunities and profitability of the projects. The impact of time management on the project economy has been thoroughly studied, and the possibilities of obtaining economic benefits by reducing the time in the implementation of various projects have been considered. The study analyzes the factors necessary to improve the effectiveness of project management, including the optimal allocation of financial resources, manpower and technological infrastructure. The impact of proper planning and effective use of time in project management on the investment process is shown using practical examples. In addition to theoretical foundations, examples based on Uzbekistan and international experience are presented in the work

This article analyzes the agrotechnical and economic efficiency of sesame cultivation in the areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan with high salinity. Also, the research work has compared the sowing indicators and yields of sesame variety "Tashkent-122" on May 15 and June 15, and it was found that sowing on May 15 is the most effective time. According to the results of the economic analysis, sowing on May 15 brought 41.8% higher income than on June 15. This result indicates the importance of choosing the right sowing date and seed rate, and on this basis, proposals and recommendations have been developed to optimize sesame cultivation in the conditions of Karakalpakstan and increase economic efficiency.

In this article, the circumstances encouraging to go beyond the limits of objective market laws in the formation of the structural structure of small business are identified, and the author's method of evaluating the level of efficiency of the structural structure of small business by types of economic activity is developed. The level of profitability of small business in Uzbekistan according to the types of economic activity was determined, and the level of efficiency of the structural structure was evaluated according to the types of economic activity of small business in Uzbekistan.

To organize full control and management of the activities of the organizational and economic mechanism in the services market of our republic. Classification of indicators that determine the principles, factors and institutional conditions of economic growth in the services sector, as well as research on the methodology of assessing labor efficiency.

The article discusses the growing importance of the informatization sector in the economy of Uzbekistan. The development of information technologies and their integration into the economic system play an important role in ensuring the country's economic growth, increasing efficiency and competitiveness. Informatization allows to further simplify and accelerate economic processes through the introduction of modern technologies, especially in the areas of public administration, business and education. In particular, the digital economy, e-commerce, online services, as well as the use of databases and artificial intelligence technologies allow to achieve effective resource management and optimize production and service processes. The development of informatization also affects the improvement of the business environment, the creation of new jobs and ensuring economic stability. The article discusses the integration of information technologies into the economy, digital transformation processes and related economic results. The report also analyzes the opportunities and challenges arising from the transition of Uzbekistan to a digital economy.

This article is devoted to improving the methodology for applying artificial intelligence (AI) systems in order to achieve sustainable economic growth in the conditions of Uzbekistan. The main goal of the research is to develop effective mechanisms for integrating AI technologies into national economic sectors (for example, agriculture, industry or services). The article analyzes existing foreign and domestic experiences and identifies institutional, technical and personnel problems in the implementation of AI. As a main result, an improved methodology for implementing AI-based decision-making systems in economic planning is proposed. This methodology is based on the principles of AI security, transparency and economic efficiency. The results of the research are of practical importance in developing economic development strategies and using AI technologies.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of tourism on socio-economic development based on theoretical and empirical studies. The research considers tourism as an important driver of economic growth and examines its influence on gross domestic product growth, employment expansion, foreign currency earnings, infrastructure development, and the enhancement of regional economic activity on the basis of scientific sources. From a methodological perspective, the article employs methods of literature review, comparative analysis, and synthesis of empirical results. The findings indicate that the economic efficiency of tourism is directly dependent on a country’s institutional environment, the level of infrastructure development, and the quality of governance. In addition, it is substantiated that through the multiplicative effect of tourism, additional sources of economic growth and employment are generated in other sectors of the economy. The conclusions drawn are of significant practical importance for the scientifically grounded formulation of tourism policy and the development of practical recommendations aimed at ensuring the sustainable development of the sector.

This article presents scientific and theoretical definitions and their comparative analysis with the concepts of economic potential given by economic scientists, as well as emphasizes the scientific and theoretical aspects of economic potential in the service sector and reveals the improvement of the use of economic potential in the service sector.

This article examines the concept of qualitative economic growth and its role as a central indicator of Uzbekistan's economic development. In contrast to traditional measures focused solely on GDP growth, qualitative economic growth emphasizes sustainable development, structural diversification, productivity growth, income equality, and social well-being. The study analyzes Uzbekistan's economic trajectory over the past decade, focusing on improvements in industrial production, investments in human capital, technology adoption, and institutional reforms. Using qualitative and quantitative data, the article assesses how macroeconomic stability, structural reforms, and regional development initiatives contribute not only to the volume but also to the quality of growth. The article concludes with recommendations for improving the quality of growth, including diversifying the economy, developing high-value industries, strengthening social protection, and improving governance efficiency.

This article explores the importance of the information base of statistical indicators of small business activity in Uzbekistan, as well as its importance in the sectors of the economy of the country. Also, the main aspects of the efficiency of the information base are analyzed, and the economic efficiency of the information base in small business is the SWOT analysis. The results of the study can be used to assess the efficiency of the activities of small business entities in Uzbekistan and to effectively organize the activities of small businesses.

The development of Free Economic Zones (FEZs) in Uzbekistan is critical for economic growth, industrialization, and attracting foreign investment. To evaluate the efficiency of business entities operating in these zones, robust statistical research methods are essential. This article examines the primary statistical techniques used to assess the efficiency of businesses in Uzbekistan's FEZs. The article provides statistical formulas for efficiency calculation, offers a detailed discussion on the significance of these methods, and presents recommendations for future research.

This article analyzes the directions of increasing economic efficiency by transforming Joint Stock Companies. The indicators of economic efficiency were explained by the growth of bank assets, population deposits and loan investments

The article analyzes the indicators of economic efficiency of foreign investments. Indicators of efficiency and cost of the investment project are calculated, scientific proposals are presented. The efficiency of investment use includes such indicators as the share of investment in GDP, the share of investment in fixed assets, as well as the level of return on investment. These indicators allow you to assess how effectively the collected funds are used and how they affect the economic growth and development of the country.

In the article, a comparative analysis of the approaches implemented by the authors in revealing the nature of the category of economic efficiency of production activity in industrial enterprises was carried out and the author's definition was presented.

In this article, the importance of leguminous grain crops in the agriculture of our country and the effective cultivation and use of the products obtained from them, raising the economic volume to a high level in the region, analyzing the economic situation of places where land and water resources are scarce in agriculture, and in this case in the regions existing problems and shortcomings of increasing the productivity of leguminous plants, directions and levers of the economic policy of our country implemented in this regard are analyzed.

This article analyzes the return on assets (ROA) indicator in determining the efficiency of commercial banks in Uzbekistan. Bank efficiency is important for the stability of the financial system and economic growth. The study analyzed the activities of commercial banks in the country in 1999-2023 based on statistical data, and also examined the differences in efficiency levels depending on the type of ownership of banks. Although the ROA of state-owned banks was low compared to private and foreign banks, private banks showed the highest level of efficiency. In addition, it was noted that the instability of banking activities and the impact of the pandemic negatively affected efficiency. The results of the study make it possible to offer practical recommendations for improving the activities of commercial banks and the efficient use of resources.

In this article, the last added product, the average result obtained at the expense of economic resources, the level of attractiveness of the introduction of resources into the industry, the methods of calculating the indicators representing the efficiency of the processes of specialization of small business entities in economic sectors have been developed, the efficiency of the processes of specialization in the activity of small businesses in Uzbekistan has been evaluated and measures to increase it have been developed. developed.

The methods of management, technological innovations, efficient use of resources and digital transformation used in modern international practice were studied, and their application for local enterprises was assessed. The study analyzed the successful experiences of the oil and gas enterprises of the USA, Norway, Russia and other advanced countries, and highlighted the factors that had a positive impact on their economic efficiency. The results of the article will serve to develop strategies aimed at increasing efficiency at oil and gas enterprises of Uzbekistan.

This article focuses on examining the efficiency and economic benefits of managing public procurement for budget organizations in the Republic of Uzbekistan through electronic stores. The primary objectives of digitizing public procurement processes in Uzbekistan are to reduce corruption, ensure cost-effective use of budget funds, and increase transparency in the procurement process. The Law on Public Procurement (OʻRQ-684), adopted on April 22, 2021, and the Resolution on Measures for Improving the Public Procurement System and Promoting Small Business Participation (PQ-249), issued on July 10, 2024, have established new opportunities for conducting public procurements through electronic stores, marking significant steps toward economic efficiency. This article provides a detailed analysis of the impacts of using electronic stores in public procurement on Uzbekistanʼs economy, drawing comparisons with the experiences of countries like Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and Estonia. The study, based on public procurement outcomes via electronic stores from 2022 to 2024, reveals valuable insights into effective fund utilization and potential savings.

The article examines the organizational and economic mechanisms of improving the efficiency of services in the regions. The main focus is on cases of improving the quality and efficiency of services by modernizing the service sector based on new technologies in the context of innovative economic development.

This article analyzes the economic efficiency of the railway transport system, its current state, existing problems, and ways to eliminate them. The role of the transport system in the national economy, the need for its innovative development, infrastructure reforms, and digitalization processes are highlighted. Also, based on world experience, proposals were made to improve the efficiency of railway transport.

This article examines the issues of improving the system of communication service provision to the population from institutional and economic perspectives. The study provides a theoretical substantiation of governance mechanisms, regulatory instruments, and factors determining the efficiency of the communication services market. Within the framework of the empirical analysis, official statistical data are employed to explore the relationships between service coverage, intensity of use, and regional economic indicators. The findings demonstrate that the sustainable development of the communication services system is directly dependent on the effectiveness of the institutional environment. The article proposes a model of institutional improvement aimed at aligning state regulatory policy, investment balance, and competitive market conditions. The results of the study provide a foundation for the development of scientifically grounded practical solutions focused on advancing communication services and enhancing sectoral governance efficiency.