This article examines the unique aspects of the experience of some countries in creating a legal framework for Islamic banks, which have gained their place in the global financial market and have shown stable growth rates. Scholarly commentary is presented on the experiences of neighboring countries such as Tajikistan and Kazakhstan, whose systems of government are similar to those of Uzbekistan and which want a democratic system. Some points are highlighted that should be paid attention to by a country that has begun to create a legal framework for Islamic banking. A study was conducted of the impact of legislative changes in leading countries.

This article analyzes the issues of ensuring economic security in our country in the context of the transition to a digital economy, the scientific and theoretical views and ideas of foreign and domestic scientists on this issue. In the transition to a digital economy, proposals were developed, first of all, to create a legal framework and improve existing ones.

This article summarizes the legal framework, objectives and stages of property valuation. After the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the field of assessment began to develop in our country, and at the same time its legal framework was also updated and improved. Laws Relating specifically to assessment activities are studied into two groups, General and private laws. The main document regulating the assessment activity is the law “on assessment”, the decision “on measures to further develop the market of assessment services”of June 1, 2018 PQ-3764 on the development of this activity, and the decisions “PQ-4381” of July 1, 2019 on further improvement of assessment activities and measures to simplify the mechanisms for the sale of enterprises with low.

This article talks about laws, decisions and presidential decrees related to the development of small business and entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan. Since the first years of independence, Uzbekistan has paid great attention to the development of the legislation and legal framework for entrepreneurship, the protection of the rights of entrepreneurs, the organization of their financial support, the training and retraining of personnel, and the development of the market infrastructure serving small businesses.

This article explores the regulatory framework and legal aspects that constitute yhe basis for the evolution of digital lending in the banking sector. In current financial landscape, banks are increasingly using digital technologies to transform retail lending practices. This article explores the digital transformation of retail lending and the legal frameworks that will regulate it, protect consumer rights, and ensure the integrity of financial systems.

The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of the market of digital assets and cryptocurrencies, which is one of the most relevant and dynamically developing areas of modern law and economics. The work examines the main approaches to the regulation of digital assets in various countries, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of existing legal norms and proposals for their improvement. Based on the analysis, recommendations are proposed for the formation of an effective legal framework that can ensure the stable development of the market for digital assets and cryptocurrencies, while minimizing potential risks.

The article examines the regulatory legal framework of Uzbekistan's tax legislation, focusing on tax legislation, tax payers' obligations and the role of tax administration bodies. The Tax Code of Uzbekistan is discussed as the basis of taxation, and the rights and obligations of taxpayers are studied. It also draws conclusions on common problems, including tax evasion, the informal economy, complex tax legislation, and the need for greater clarity and simplification of tax rules.

This article analyzes the regulatory legal framework related to the National Sustainable Development Goals (NSDG) and evaluates the current state of budget expenditure tagging aligned with these goals. It highlights potential challenges in tagging budget expenditures to correspond with the NSDG and proposes recommendations for implementing a structured tagging procedure. Additionally, the article emphasizes the importance of integrating the tagging process with specific tasks under the NSDG framework, rather than focusing solely on overarching goals. This approach facilitates data-driven decision-making by enabling targeted allocation of funds, identifying NSDG areas that require additional financing, and assessing the effectiveness of expenditures. Examples are provided to illustrate how task-oriented tagging enhances budget planning and resource utilization.

The national capital market in Uzbekistan is undergoing a significant transformation as part of the country's broader economic liberalization and modernization efforts. This article provides an in-depth assessment of the current state of the capital market in Uzbekistan, analyzes the problems it faces and the prospects for its development. The analysis draws on recent reforms, legislative changes and market trends to assess the effectiveness of current strategies and suggest recommendations for further improvements. The results highlight the importance of a coherent regulatory framework, increased market transparency and increased investor confidence in creating a dynamic and sustainable capital market in Uzbekistan.

This article provides a systematic analysis of the organizational and legal foundations of personnel selection for the public civil service in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the ongoing reforms in this area. Based on official statistical data, the dynamics of recruitment processes for the public civil service are presented. The article also puts forward a set of proposals and recommendations aimed at ensuring the effective organization of public service, the introduction of modern mechanisms for personnel selection, and enhancing the efficiency of the sector.

The scientific article analyzes the current state and issues of regulation of digital assets and cryptocurrencies in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Based on a comparative analysis, it was determined that the CIS countries mainly use approaches to apply existing legislative norms or form independent legal frameworks, and also identified countries that are leaders in this area. A conclusion is made about the need to exchange experience and strengthen cooperation in the field of regulation of digital asset turnover in the CIS countries.

The legal and institutional foundations of small business development are critical for fostering entrepreneurship and economic growth. This topic explores the regulatory frameworks, property rights, and policy mechanisms that enable small enterprises to thrive, emphasizing the role of institutions in providing access to finance, market entry, and dispute resolution. Understanding these foundations helps identify strategies to reduce barriers, enhance innovation, and promote sustainable business ecosystems.

The article examines the specific features of the functioning of the current mechanism for managing public procurement in the Republic of Uzbekistan. A comprehensive analysis of the regulatory and legal framework, organizational structure, and procedural components of the procurement system has been conducted, covering the stages of planning, tendering, contract conclusion, and monitoring of contract implementation. The study identifies key challenges affecting the efficiency of public procurement, including a low level of automation, limited competition, weak coordination among procurement entities, and a formal approach to assessing actual needs. Special attention is given to issues of digitalization, procedural transparency, and the introduction of modern methods of control and evaluation. Based on the findings, several directions for improving the existing mechanism are proposed, such as the development of electronic infrastructure, the institutionalization of risk management practices, and the enhancement of personnel qualifications. The results obtained may be used for reforming the procurement system and forming a more sustainable model for managing budgetary resources.

The article covers the issues of the establishment, introduction, development of takaful insurance funds in Uzbekistan and the essence of the Islamic financial market, the study of scientific approaches to its modern Islamic financial instruments, as well as the scientific foundations of the mechanism and typology of the takaful insurance market; elucidates scientific and theoretical views on the content of takaful insurance funds as an economic category and its role in the global insurance market, and assesses the development and modern state of takaful insurance funds in the insurance market.

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical, methodological, and institutional aspects of implementing a mass property valuation system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study substantiates the limitations of traditional cadastral valuation methods in an economy based on market mechanisms and reveals the necessity of introducing a transparent and automated mass valuation system aligned with international best practices. The paper presents a comparative analysis of individual and mass valuation approaches, highlighting their role in tax base formation and functional differences. The advantages of using GIS technologies, mathematical and statistical models, large-scale data (Big Data), and multiplicative valuation models in the mass valuation process are demonstrated. In addition, ongoing reforms, the regulatory and legal framework, institutional structures, and step-by-step implementation mechanisms of the valuation system are analyzed. The research findings contribute to fair and economically justified property tax assessment, stabilization of budget revenues, and increased transparency in the real estate market.

This article analyzes the methodological foundations for applying Islamic financial instruments in Uzbekistan and proposes key directions for their improvement in line with international standards. A comparative evaluation of AAOIFI and IFSB guidelines, along with the experiences of leading Islamic finance markets such as Malaysia, the UAE, and Turkey, is conducted. The findings indicate that the development of Islamic finance in Uzbekistan requires enhancements in the legal framework, institutional structure, product design methodology, risk management practices, Shariah governance, and tax treatment. Addressing these methodological gaps is essential for ensuring the sustainable and effective growth of Islamic finance in the country.

The development of the Islamic microfinance system in the Republic of Uzbekistan is of great importance for ensuring financial inclusion and economic growth. The research analyzes the structure of Islamic microfinance institutions, their performance indicators, and development prospects. The results show that there are opportunities for further system development through improving the legal framework and implementing international experience.

This article examines the issues related to improving the accounting system for tax benefits and preferences granted to enterprises. It analyzes various forms of tax relief, their economic efficiency, and their impact on business operations. The article also highlights the challenges encountered in maintaining tax benefit records, the existing legal and regulatory framework, and the possibilities for integration with information systems. Based on advanced international experience, the study proposes improved approaches to ensuring transparent and efficient accounting of tax preferences, along with specific recommendations for implementation.

The sustainable development of the national financial market is closely linked to the modern mechanisms of corporate capital formation and the efficiency of the securities market. This study provides a detailed analysis of the integration processes between corporate finance instruments and the capital market infrastructure, and scientifically highlights the impact of the securities market on investment processes. During the research, system analysis, comparative economic analysis, economic-statistical methods, and analysis of the regulatory and legal framework were employed. The results showed that the interaction between corporate finance and the securities market can optimize capital value, expand the investment opportunities of enterprises, and contribute to the sustainable growth of the national economy. Such measures ensure the transparency and competitiveness of the financial system and contribute to its improvement in line with international standards.

This article analyzes the current state, prospects, and current problems of business financing based on Islamic finance principles in Uzbekistan. Information is provided on the practical application of such instruments as murabaha, ijara, musharaka, mudaraba, their distribution and implementation by financial institutions. Islamic finance services are also analyzed using the example of the activities of Islamic leasing (Taiba Leasing), fintech (IMAN) and Islamic insurance (Apex Insurance) organizations. The article thoroughly covers obstacles such as the legal framework, infrastructure, financial literacy of the population, and staff shortage of Islamic finance. The importance and promising directions of cooperation with foreign experience and international organizations are indicated. Therefore, the article can have practical significance for scientific researchers, government bodies, and Islamic finance institutions.

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the theoretical and practical foundations of state regulation of the real sector. Specifically, it defines the role of the state within the economic system, evaluates the effectiveness of regulatory mechanisms, and examines the interactions between institutional and market-based approaches in a comprehensive manner. Within this framework, the study systematically highlights how state intervention is implemented through legal, financial, and administrative instruments, and assesses their impact on real sector entities. Additionally, the paper explores the specific features of public policy in various sectors of the economy – including industry, agriculture, infrastructure, and services –  and evaluates its influence on economic stability. Based on the findings, the study offers policy recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of real sector regulation in the national economy.

This article analyzes the economic, legal, and methodological foundations of the business entity stability rating system developed under Uzbekistan’s regulatory framework. The rating indicators are reviewed in comparison with international practices and evaluated in the context of digital fiscal governance and tax discipline. Practical challenges in the system are identified, and improvement recommendations are proposed. The study provides theoretical insights and policy suggestions aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of fiscal reforms in Uzbekistan.

Technological entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan plays an important role in stimulating economic growth by promoting innovation and job creation. The study analyses the impact of start-ups on the country's economic development, examines successful cases and identifies key success factors. Special attention is paid to government support and educational initiatives aimed at developing entrepreneurial skills. The study also includes an analysis of current challenges, such as the lack of venture capital and bureaucratic barriers, and offers recommendations on how to overcome them. The paper presents data on the growth in the number of start-ups and the volume of investments, indicating the significant potential of the sector. The paper considers the prospects for the development of technological entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, including the creation of infrastructure and improvement of the legal framework. The article concludes with conclusions on the need for a comprehensive approach to supporting startups for sustainable economic growth.

The article considers marketing strategy issues in improving and developing appraisal activities. The essence of marketing in the appraisal services market is revealed. The main task of the marketing strategy for the development of appraisal activities is formulated to satisfy the components of the concept of modern marketing of the appraisal services market development. The main factors for improving appraisal activities are formulated. The main components of asset promotion from sellers to buyers and their relationship with appraisal services are shown. The ways of improving advertising activities in the appraisal services market are shown.

This article discusses strategies for the development of small businesses and private entrepreneurship through the improvement of infrastructure activities. By analyzing various elements of infrastructure, such as financial services, technological support, legal frameworks and logistics, the authors of the study identify key factors contributing to the growth and sustainability of small enterprises. The study highlights the importance of creating a favorable business environment, improving access to resources and stimulating innovation as the most important factors in the development of entrepreneurship. The results show that a well-developed infrastructure not only meets the operational needs of a small business, but also allows it to compete effectively in the market.