The article analyzes the strategic importance of water resources in the country’s economy, as well as their natural and economic characteristics. The role of water resources in ensuring food security, employment, and population income, as well as in industry and energy, is highlighted. The scientific views and approaches of various scholars regarding the strategic importance of water resources in the national economy are examined.

The article discusses the role and importance of modern ultrafiltration technologies in improving drinking water supply in the context of the transition to a green economy. Such advantages of ultrafiltration as environmental safety, low dependence on chemicals, high degree of purification from microorganisms, economical use of water resources are analyzed. The possibilities of protecting public health, improving living conditions and creating new jobs through the introduction of this technology in remote and water-deficient regions are considered. The article substantiates a comparison of the ultrafiltration method with traditional water purification methods, its cost-effectiveness and compliance with sustainable development goals.

This article presents a modern analysis of land resource use in the activities of dehkan (smallholder) farms in the Kashkadarya region. Based on an assessment of natural-geographical conditions, climatic factors, land quality, access to water resources, and the state of agrotechnical services, the study examines how local smallholder farms interact with and manage their land. The research evaluates soil cultivation practices, crop structure, technological provision, government support, and environmental sustainability factors. As a result of the analysis, existing problems and future opportunities were identified, and recommendations were developed to enhance the efficient use of land resources in dehkan farms

Global climate change, rising air temperatures, drying up of the Aral Sea, desertification, recurrence of negative meteorological processes, rational use of land and water resources, reduction of biodiversity, deterioration of the gene pool of flora and fauna, and the increase in large amounts of industrial and household waste indicate that regional environmental problems are deepening day by day. Ensuring environmental safety in the country, consistently solving emerging environmental problems and uniting all forces of society in ensuring economic development is a state policy.

This article comprehensively analyzes the environmental problems arising against the backdrop of the acceleration of the globalization process and their impact on demographic processes. In the 21st century, the deepening of economic cooperation, the acceleration of industrialization, the practice of unlimited use of resources, and the expansion of transnational production chains are leading to a sharp increase in environmental pressure. Such factors as atmospheric pollution, global warming, water scarcity, soil degradation, and a decrease in biodiversity are seriously changing not only natural ecosystems but also demographic indicators related to human life. The study highlights the direct and indirect impact of environmental problems on such processes as the birth rate, mortality rate, migration flows, public health, the quality of labor resources, and territorial demographic imbalance. In particular, in regions with a high level of environmental risk, such demographic changes as a decrease in births, an increase in morbidity, an increase in premature deaths, an increase in ecological migration, and a decrease in population potential have been noted. Also, based on scientific sources, it is shown that factors such as water scarcity or drought caused by global climate change have become one of the main determinants of population migration strategy

This article analyzes the sectoral structure of agriculture in Central Asian countries, highlighting its historical foundations and modern development trends. Using the cases of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, the study examines the main agricultural sectors, crop production and livestock farming. Based on statistical data, the paper evaluates the efficiency of grain production, livestock outputs, fisheries, and forestry activities. Special attention is given to the challenges posed by water scarcity, climate change, and institutional constraints affecting agricultural sustainability. The findings suggest that diversification, innovative agro-technologies, and regional specialization are essential for ensuring food security and sustainable development in the region.