The article presents a two-stage model for forecasting the demand and production of agricultural products, which takes into account the integrative properties of its individual components. In the first stage, a model is proposed that allows for determining the population's needs for basic food products, taking into account the dynamics of population growth in Uzbekistan and the approximate recommended food consumption standards set by the Ministry of Health. The second stage of the model is designed to predict the volume and structure of agricultural production, taking into account the results of the first stage's model calculations and other possible channels for their implementation, as well as resource constraints.

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of student mobility and tourism flows in Central Asia, drawing on the experience of the European Union. The economic impact of student flows is assessed through empirical analysis, which confirms the long‑term economic efficiency of the “student‑tourist” synergy. Based on these findings, the study proposes a new integrative framework for the Central Asian states—the Silk Road Student Mobility Program. The model merges a digital platform, an integration network and financial instruments to create a unified regional ecosystem for student mobility. The paper offers science‑based, practical recommendations aimed at boosting the economic contribution of student tourism and deepening regional integration across Central Asia.

The article examines the theoretical foundations of regional development, analyzing the stages of the formation of its concepts and contemporary approaches. In addition to traditional theories of convergence and divergence, and the core–periphery model, modern concepts such as endogenous growth, innovation, and clustering are also considered. Particular attention is given to the role of financial mechanisms and public finance in promoting regional development, as well as the importance of institutional and organizational frameworks in enhancing their effectiveness. It is emphasized that, under current conditions, the most effective path to regional development is an integrative approach that harmonizes economic, social, political, and cultural factors. Accordingly, the article scientifically substantiates the principles of targeted and efficient use of financial instruments to ensure regional prosperity and sustainable economic growth.