This article analyzes the volume of secondary trading in government securities by year. The problems associated with the development of government securities in our country are also described. At the same time, scientific and methodological proposals for the development of the government securities market are presented.

This article examines the topic of reducing government participation as one of the vectors for developing competition in the financial services market. The authors analyze the negative consequences of increasing or maintaining government intervention in financial markets. The article discusses what measures can help reduce government intervention, taking into account the balance between competition and financial stability.

This research paper investigates the relationship between government external debt and economic growth, focusing on its nature and impact. The findings suggest that the nature of government external debt, encompassing its composition, terms, and sustainability, significantly affects its impact on economic growth. Additionally, the analysis examines debt levels, debt service obligations, and the effectiveness of debt management strategies. The paper concludes by discussing policy implications and proposing measures to ensure sustainable debt management practices that foster long-term economic growth.

This paper explores the impact of digitalization on the treasury systems of developed countries and analyzes key technologies such as cloud solutions, blockchain, and electronic payments used to enhance financial management efficiency. It examines examples of innovative solutions implemented in the USA, the UK, Germany, Canada, Japan, Estonia, and other countries, highlighting both the advantages and challenges of their use. Particular attention is paid to increasing transparency, security, and optimizing government spending through modern digital platforms

This article examines the efficiency of small business in the service sector of Uzbekistan and its role in ensuring sustainable economic growth. The study highlights the key determinants of development, including government support, infrastructure quality, access to financial resources, and workforce skills. Particular attention is given to the introduction of innovations and digital technologies, which contribute to the optimization of business processes, cost reduction, and market expansion. The analysis shows that despite the positive results achieved, the sector still faces several challenges such as limited access to finance, high competition, and administrative barriers. At the same time, government initiatives aimed at reducing bureaucratic procedures, providing tax incentives, and stimulating the export of services create favorable conditions for further development. It is concluded that small businesses in the service sector have significant potential to expand their contribution to the economy, especially through export development and integration into international markets. The implementation of comprehensive measures will enhance the competitiveness of small enterprises and ensure further diversification of Uzbekistan’s economy.

This article examines the impact of digitalization on the educational services market using the case of Estonia — one of the global leaders in digital transformation. A comparative analysis of government initiatives, the development of digital competencies, and the implementation of educational platforms is conducted. Special attention is given to the potential adaptation of Estonia’s successful experience to Uzbekistan’s context. The article outlines key challenges and benefits of digital education and provides recommendations for accelerating digital transformation in Uzbekistan’s higher education system.

The article is devoted to the study of the features of models of the national
innovation system, in particular the Euro-Atlantic, East Asian, Alternative, Triple Helix Model. The
modern typology of models of the national innovation system has been studied, and the
characteristic features of each of them have been analyzed. Based on the results of the study, it
was concluded that the key factors of innovative development are various instruments of
government incentives

This article analyzes the processes of digitalization in the service sectors of Uzbekistan, their impact on efficiency, and their role in reducing corruption. The study explores the potential for minimizing corruption risks through the implementation of digital technologies, which help reduce bureaucratic barriers, improve the quality and speed of service delivery, and ensure openness and transparency. Recent reforms in the country, including the development of e-government systems, online services, and smart solutions, are examined, and analytical recommendations are provided. The article also outlines key priority areas for enhancing the national model based on international experience.

Excise tax is a critical component of government revenue and makes a significant contribution to government revenues around the world. This tax is imposed on specific goods, such as alcohol, tobacco and fuel, in order to generate revenue and regulate consumption. This article provides the composition of excise tax payers, the role of excise taxes in generating state budget revenues of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as recommendations for improving the efficiency of administration of this tax.

The article highlights the post-industrial aspects of approaches to public administration, the "model of public service", the "model of public service" - the "service feature" of relations between the state and the public, theoretical issues of the application of business models in public administration, such as Business City, Smart City, Smart state, "Provider of public services". Based on theoretical approaches, it was proposed to provide public services to the population based on the principle of "state – service provider" as one of the most optimal solutions for public administration in a post-industrial society

This article examines the formation of local budgets as an important stage of the financial strategy. At the same time, an analysis of the formation of income and expenses of the local budget of the Jizzakh region for 2024 was carried out. Proposals were made to improve the efficiency of local government bodies in the formation of the local budget.

This article examines the formation of local budgets as an important stage of the financial strategy. At the same time, an analysis of the formation of income and expenses of the local budget of the Jizzakh region for 2024 was carried out. Proposals were made to improve the efficiency of local government bodies in the formation of the local budget.

The tourism industry in the Russian Federation represents a significant sector, contributing to the nation’s GDP and employment while showcasing its cultural and geographical diversity. In the face of ongoing global transformations, the industry must navigate various challenges, such as economic instability, fluctuating consumer preferences, and the advent of advanced technologies. This article explores how Russian tourism enterprises can cultivate technological leadership through the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics, how the industry can adapt to structural changes via digitalization, and how state policies influence the development of smart tourism. By analyzing successful case studies and illustrating the role of government initiatives, this study underscores the critical importance of innovation in steering the future of Russia’s tourism sector.

In this article, the best practices of stock markets in developed and developing countries and directions of their development are researched. In particular, in the development of stock markets, the best practices of the effective placement of state securities of foreign countries and the development of the stock market through them have been studied.

This article addresses the issues of implementing International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) as an important tool for enhancing transparency, accountability, and efficiency in the management of public finances. The objectives and benefits of IPSAS are discussed, including improving the quality of financial reporting, attracting investment, and increasing trust in government institutions. Special attention is given to the process of adapting the standards in Uzbekistan, including the development of national standards, training specialists, modernizing technologies, and providing legal and regulatory support. The challenges associated with the implementation of IPSAS are also analyzed, along with the prospects for their application in fostering sustainable economic development.

This article provides an analysis of national and international experiences in the development of the creative economy, highlighting its importance in enhancing the country’s export potential and the well-being of its citizens. It examines legal, organizational, and practical measures implemented in various countries worldwide and offers recommendations for the further improvement of government activities in this emerging sector.

In recent years, the financing of higher education has undergone significant transformations, influenced by shifting economic policies and the increasing demand for educational services. This article examines the evolution of financial planning in higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide, highlighting the interplay between public and private funding sources. It explores various financing models adopted by countries, particularly focusing on the roles of government and private sector contributions. Comparative case studies from the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom illustrate the diverse strategies employed to ensure access, quality, and sustainability in higher education. The article concludes with key lessons for HEIs aiming to navigate financial challenges and achieve long-term growth, emphasizing the importance of strategic financial planning, revenue diversification, and institutional autonomy.

This article focuses on examining the efficiency and economic benefits of managing public procurement for budget organizations in the Republic of Uzbekistan through electronic stores. The primary objectives of digitizing public procurement processes in Uzbekistan are to reduce corruption, ensure cost-effective use of budget funds, and increase transparency in the procurement process. The Law on Public Procurement (OʻRQ-684), adopted on April 22, 2021, and the Resolution on Measures for Improving the Public Procurement System and Promoting Small Business Participation (PQ-249), issued on July 10, 2024, have established new opportunities for conducting public procurements through electronic stores, marking significant steps toward economic efficiency. This article provides a detailed analysis of the impacts of using electronic stores in public procurement on Uzbekistanʼs economy, drawing comparisons with the experiences of countries like Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and Estonia. The study, based on public procurement outcomes via electronic stores from 2022 to 2024, reveals valuable insights into effective fund utilization and potential savings.

This article explores the impact of e-commerce on economic development across three categories of countries: developed, emerging markets, and developing countries. The analysis utilizes economic indicators, e-commerce adoption rates, and growth metrics to assess how these countries leverage e-commerce for economic advancement. The findings indicate that while developed countries enjoy advanced e-commerce infrastructures, emerging markets are rapidly catching up, and developing countries face challenges but show significant potential for growth.

The article considers the current state of small and medium-sized businesses (SMB) in Kazakhstan on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of state measures to support entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan, identifies the main barriers that hinder its growth and development. Special attention is paid to the problems of lending, taxation and access to information resources. The author considers effective strategies implemented by the government of Kazakhstan within the framework of national programmes and initiatives, and assesses their effectiveness on the basis of available empirical data. International experience is also analysed to identify the most successful incentive mechanisms. The paper offers specific recommendations for improving the institutional environment and developing a comprehensive system of support for priority areas of SME development. The importance of creating favourable conditions for innovation and increasing the export potential of enterprises is discussed. The final part is devoted to strategic planning at the state level to achieve sustainable socio-economic development.

The article focuses on the development of family entrepreneurship in the context of Uzbekistan's digital economy. It discusses key legal acts and strategies aimed at supporting small businesses, creating jobs, reducing poverty, and improving living standards. The article also provides an analysis of statistical data on the growth of family businesses and their contribution to the country's industrial output. Recommendations are made for further development of family businesses using digital technologies.

The gap analysis of Uzbekistan's Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) parks reveals several important areas that need focus and enhancement. The current performance of these parks reflects mixed outcomes in driving innovation and economic growth, facing considerable challenges in achieving effective collaboration among research institutions, industries, and government policies.
The main findings show that although Uzbek STI parks have made progress in business incubation, they still fall short in fostering significant technological advancements and diversifying the economy. Key obstacles include inadequate collaboration between universities and industries, limited access to venture capital, and a weak entrepreneurial culture.
The report highlights that successful STI parks thrive within a strong regional ecosystem, marked by a dynamic entrepreneurial spirit, active engagement from research institutions, and comprehensive support for startups. Creating these favorable conditions will be essential for Uzbekistan. Strategic suggestions involve strengthening the capabilities and engagement of STI park management, enhancing access to financial resources, and improving connections between universities and the private sector. The recommendations are categorized into those based on global best practices and those addressing the unique challenges faced by stakeholders in Uzbekistan's innovation system.
By tackling these gaps with focused policy initiatives and capacity-building efforts, Uzbekistan can utilize its STI parks to foster greater technological innovation and economic development, in line with successful practices seen in other STI parks around the world.

This article focuses on analyzing strategies and mechanisms to enhance the economic potential of small businesses and private entrepreneurship, specifically in the Andijan region. It explores the critical factors affecting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the area, such as access to finance, innovation processes, educational programs, and government support. Utilizing statistical data and theoretical research, the author provides several recommendations to improve the business environment and stimulate entrepreneurial activity, aiming to foster sustainable economic growth and improve the quality of life for the region’s population.

This article presents a classification of risks arising in the digital economy. Measures to identify and eliminate points of influence of their social life and government activities, as well as to eliminate their negative consequences are analyzed.

This article examines the unique aspects of the experience of some countries in creating a legal framework for Islamic banks, which have gained their place in the global financial market and have shown stable growth rates. Scholarly commentary is presented on the experiences of neighboring countries such as Tajikistan and Kazakhstan, whose systems of government are similar to those of Uzbekistan and which want a democratic system. Some points are highlighted that should be paid attention to by a country that has begun to create a legal framework for Islamic banking. A study was conducted of the impact of legislative changes in leading countries.