This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development trends of electronic money and digital payment systems in the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as their impact on the national economy. Within the scope of the study, economic, technological, and social factors influencing the growth of electronic money deposits during the period 2017–2024 were examined. In particular, the interrelationships between indicators such as the number of plastic cards, the volume of electronic payment transactions, bank deposits, and the network of payment terminals were assessed using correlation and regression analysis. In addition, the evolution of electronic money, the stages of development of plastic cards and digital payment systems, and their impact on economic efficiency were analyzed. The research results indicate that the reduction of transaction costs, the increase in financial transparency, and the expansion of financial inclusion are the main economic advantages of the electronic payment infrastructure. At the same time, cybersecurity issues associated with the development of digital financial infrastructure, including threats of cyberattacks such as phishing, malware, and DDoS attacks, were also examined. Based on the obtained results, forecast indicators for the development of electronic payments and electronic deposits for the period 2025–2029 were developed. The findings of the study demonstrate that electronic money and digital payment systems play a significant role in increasing economic efficiency, strengthening financial control, and promoting the development of the digital economy. Furthermore, the study substantiates the necessity of improving cybersecurity systems and enhancing the digital literacy of the population in order to ensure the sustainable development of the digital financial infrastructure.
In the article discusses the role of money supply and its regulation by the state in the context of the digital economy. It is emphasized that the expansion of electronic money will affect monetary aggregates and also lead to the need for monetary policy coordination. The regulation of money supply by the state is highlighted as essential for controlling inflation, ensuring financial stability, and integrating digital financial instruments. The classification of money aggregates into MO, M1, M2, and M3 and their role in the economy are also analyzed.
This article covers the opinions and conceptual approaches of scientists aimed at defining electronic money and its essence. Emergence and development stages of electronic money are studied. Different views of classical scholars and researchers in conceptual approaches to the interpretation of electronic money have been studied and analyzed by the author. Informationization of the economy and the introduction of electronic money, different interpretations of electronic money are among them.
The article discusses the origin of money, its modern stage and the fact that it is one of the first inventions of mankind. Leading scientists of the world have studied the issue of the origin of money for many centuries and today conduct many studies. This article analyzes modern studies of the formation of monetary relations. The author conducted a theoretical and critical analysis of the literature devoted to the development of monetary relations. Based on the theoretical analysis, conclusions were made about the forecast of further changes and development of monetary relations.
This article examines the improvement of tax administration through the formation of tax reports and the electronic documentation of agricultural product purchases. The study scientifically substantiates the transfer of authority for generating tax reports on property tax and land tax paid by legal entities, as well as personal income tax and social tax, to tax authorities, thereby removing this obligation from taxpayers. This approach helps reduce the administrative burden on taxpayers, minimize the influence of the human factor in reporting, increase the efficiency of using tax authorities’ information systems, and strengthen tax discipline. The article also proposes expanding the procedure for electronically formalizing receipt documents when purchasing agricultural products from individuals for cash beyond catering and exporting enterprises and applying it to all business entities. This proposal is important for increasing the transparency of cash turnover, formalizing purchase transactions, clarifying the tax base, and reducing the share of the shadow economy.
This article carried out scientific and theoretical views of foreign and domestic scientists on the development of banking activities as a result of factors of formation of digital assets, improving the circulation of digital assets, scientific and theoretical analysis of data on the management of digital assets in commercial banks.
This article evaluates the fiscal efficiency of value added tax in Uzbekistan based on the VAT Revenue Ratio (VRR) indicator in accordance with the OECD methodology. The study analyzes tax reforms implemented during 2019–2024, including the reduction of the VAT rate, the introduction of the electronic invoicing system, and measures aimed at the digitalization of tax administration. The findings confirm that despite the growth of macroeconomic indicators and VAT revenues during this period, the VRR level remained nearly unchanged, while the share of the informal economy, cash-based transactions, and tax exemptions remained important factors affecting VAT collection efficiency.
