In this article, the importance of leguminous grain crops in the agriculture of our country and the effective cultivation and use of the products obtained from them, raising the economic volume to a high level in the region, analyzing the economic situation of places where land and water resources are scarce in agriculture, and in this case in the regions existing problems and shortcomings of increasing the productivity of leguminous plants, directions and levers of the economic policy of our country implemented in this regard are analyzed.

This article analyzes the agrotechnical and economic efficiency of sesame cultivation in the areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan with high salinity. Also, the research work has compared the sowing indicators and yields of sesame variety "Tashkent-122" on May 15 and June 15, and it was found that sowing on May 15 is the most effective time. According to the results of the economic analysis, sowing on May 15 brought 41.8% higher income than on June 15. This result indicates the importance of choosing the right sowing date and seed rate, and on this basis, proposals and recommendations have been developed to optimize sesame cultivation in the conditions of Karakalpakstan and increase economic efficiency.

This article classifies the factors influencing the efficiency of the grain farming subsector based on a study of its effectiveness. It provides an assessment of the organization of grain farming clusters and formulates an algorithm for the stages of production, processing, and marketing processes within the cluster system. Moreover, it is offered recommendations for improving the efficiency of grain farming clusters.

This article examines methods for evaluating the performance of sovereign funds. Comprehensive indicators that objectively assess the degree of compliance with various proposed criteria are also studied and analyzed. The evaluation indicators for the performance of sovereign funds and the investment projects financed by them are reviewed, and assessment criteria are presented.

The methods of management, technological innovations, efficient use of resources and digital transformation used in modern international practice were studied, and their application for local enterprises was assessed. The study analyzed the successful experiences of the oil and gas enterprises of the USA, Norway, Russia and other advanced countries, and highlighted the factors that had a positive impact on their economic efficiency. The results of the article will serve to develop strategies aimed at increasing efficiency at oil and gas enterprises of Uzbekistan.

This article notes the problems in the field of trade today. Economists' approaches to the concept of economic efficiency are analyzed. 8 key indicators of economic efficiency presented in foreign sources were analyzed on the example of a trading company. Based on the analysis of sources, economic efficiency indicators are divided into five groups and a system of 27 indicators has been developed. The implementation of these proposals is an important factor in finding opportunities to increase the economic efficiency of commercial enterprises.

The scientific article shows the content and essence of the mechanism of development of enterprises in the construction materials industry. In particular, ensuring the integration of elements of organizational structures and increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise; ensuring self-regulation and interaction of elements in order to organize efficient production; ensuring a steady push to create a permanent combination of production factors based on innovative risk; based on increasing the sustainability of the internal and external environment of the enterprise, as well as ensuring liberalism and effective development of enterprises.

In recent years, the world has been paying special attention to scientific research aimed at improving the mechanism for collecting value-added tax. This article covers issues such as ensuring the mutual consistency of monetary and fiscal-tax policies, bringing tax administration in line with modern requirements, strengthening the role of value added tax in the formation of budget revenues, creating a “continuous value chain”, and preventing illegal income and expenses.

This article focuses on examining the efficiency and economic benefits of managing public procurement for budget organizations in the Republic of Uzbekistan through electronic stores. The primary objectives of digitizing public procurement processes in Uzbekistan are to reduce corruption, ensure cost-effective use of budget funds, and increase transparency in the procurement process. The Law on Public Procurement (OʻRQ-684), adopted on April 22, 2021, and the Resolution on Measures for Improving the Public Procurement System and Promoting Small Business Participation (PQ-249), issued on July 10, 2024, have established new opportunities for conducting public procurements through electronic stores, marking significant steps toward economic efficiency. This article provides a detailed analysis of the impacts of using electronic stores in public procurement on Uzbekistanʼs economy, drawing comparisons with the experiences of countries like Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and Estonia. The study, based on public procurement outcomes via electronic stores from 2022 to 2024, reveals valuable insights into effective fund utilization and potential savings.

This article analyzes the level of development of Uzbekistan's securities market, as well as existing problems and shortcomings. The study examines the current state of the stock market, the activities of government and private sector securities, and their economic efficiency. Key issues identified include the low liquidity of the securities market, the limited range of investment instruments, weak integration into international financial markets, and a lack of financial literacy. Additionally, the article explores factors such as the underdevelopment of capital market infrastructure, information asymmetry, and the limited opportunities for Islamic finance.

This article analyzes the significance of strategic management in small businesses and entrepreneurial entities. Strategic management models are crucial for fostering the growth, enhancing efficiency, and achieving stable market positions for small businesses. The article reviews modern management practices and approaches applied to small business entities in Uzbekistan. The research results underscore the necessity of implementing strategic approaches for the sustainable development of small businesses.

The article discusses the growing importance of the informatization sector in the economy of Uzbekistan. The development of information technologies and their integration into the economic system play an important role in ensuring the country's economic growth, increasing efficiency and competitiveness. Informatization allows to further simplify and accelerate economic processes through the introduction of modern technologies, especially in the areas of public administration, business and education. In particular, the digital economy, e-commerce, online services, as well as the use of databases and artificial intelligence technologies allow to achieve effective resource management and optimize production and service processes. The development of informatization also affects the improvement of the business environment, the creation of new jobs and ensuring economic stability. The article discusses the integration of information technologies into the economy, digital transformation processes and related economic results. The report also analyzes the opportunities and challenges arising from the transition of Uzbekistan to a digital economy.

This article is dedicated to the financial analysis of Uzbekistan's banking sector, examining its current state, identifying challenges and shortcomings. The economic efficiency of banks in Uzbekistan is analyzed using examples of both state-owned and private financial institutions. The study explores the dominant market position of major state-owned banks, their share of assets and liabilities, as well as profitability indicators. Key issues and deficiencies hindering the development of the banking sector are also analyzed.

This article analyzes the main directions of the European Union’s "Green Deal" strategy. It discusses measures for decarbonizing the economy, transitioning to renewable energy sources, and ensuring environmental safety. The analysis shows that the Green Deal contributes to economic growth and strengthens environmental sustainability. Implementation challenges and recommendations are also presented.

The resource dependency theory (RDT) is used to guide an empirical analysis of the higher education system in Uzbekistan. The regression models are applied to a panel dataset consisting of 62 Uzbek higher education institutions, covering the period 2000-2013, to examine the determinants of the expenditure decisions made by institutions. The key hypothesis is concerned with the relationship between the share of revenue from tuition fees and the share of expenditure spent on teaching. The analysis attempts to control for unobserved heterogeneity through the inclusion of fixed effects. Instrumental variables estimation is used to address the potential endogeneity of the relationship between these two variables. The main finding is that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the share of revenue from tuition fees and the share of expenditure spent on teaching, even after other factors are held contact, which is consistent with a core premise of RDT.

Determining the separate stages of the organizational aspects for the preparation of consolidated financial statements and the formation of items related to the accounting policy are disclosed. Ways to make the reporting process more efficient and accurate by improving organizational mechanisms are considered. Also, it is proposed to strengthen the internal control systems and innovative approaches that can be used in this process. The results of the work serve to increase the financial transparency of joint-stock companies and strengthen their investment attractiveness.

This article examines the processes of integration of traditional and Islamic banking activities, their impact on the global financial market, and the opportunities and challenges in this area. The study analyzes the economic efficiency of the creation of “Islamic windows” within traditional banks, their role in ensuring financial stability, and the possibilities of diversifying the financial market. It also highlights the importance of this integration in the stability of the banking system in developing countries and attracting foreign investment based on empirical and theoretical approaches. The article reveals the prospects for international financial cooperation and strengthening the position of Islamic finance in the global financial market.

This article analyzes the importance of innovative projects in municipal services. Based on the experience of the world and Uzbekistan, the study examines the economic, environmental, and social benefits of introducing innovative technologies. Innovative projects, including smart cities, digital management, energy efficiency, and waste recycling, analyze the possibilities of effective resource management, environmental protection, and population well-being through such approaches as smart cities, and digital management. The article also discusses the existing infrastructure, and financial and technological constraints in introducing innovative technologies and provides recommendations for solving these problems.

This article analyzes the directions of increasing economic efficiency by transforming Joint Stock Companies. The indicators of economic efficiency were explained by the growth of bank assets, population deposits and loan investments

This article presents ideas and reflections on the main principles and factors of the development of regional tourism services, the role of tourism services in the sustainable development of the economy, the creation of new jobs, as well as the implementation of new types of services, the targeted use of tourist resources, the digitalization of tourism services, the scientific and methodological approaches.

In this article, the technology and characteristics of onion cultivation in the
agrarian sector of our country, the group of factors affecting it, and the necessary scientific
conclusions are made.

This article examines the stages of development of the food industry in our country, the role of food products in the national economy, their social and economic significance, as well as development prospects. The theoretical foundations of food industry development are explored through econometric analysis.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the economic development models of Scandinavian countries. Examples of countries such as Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Iceland, which combine innovative economies with high taxes, are discussed in the context of their resilience to economic crises. These nations occupy top positions in authoritative global rankings, reflecting the success of their economic policies. The article examines the distinctive features of the Scandinavian economic models based on principles of social justice. Additionally, it analyzes the economic and social policies of each country and evaluates their effectiveness.

In recent years, given the importance of new investment projects in the
Republic of Uzbekistan, large-scale events have been carried out aimed at creating special
economic zones, their development, as well as attracting investment in ongoing projects. However,
not all new projects implemented in special economic zones achieve their goals, and some projects
are not delivered on time. This shows how important it is to properly organize the verification of
costs for new projects implemented in special economic zones, as well as to evaluate the
effectiveness of projects during the verification process. This article discusses the issues of
organizing an audit of the costs of new projects in free economic zones - a type of special economic
zones and assessing their effectiveness through analytical procedures

This article examines the effect of financial control on the purpose of expenditure. The inspections conducted in professional educational institutions and the analysis of the cases identified in them were studied, the effects of financial control contributing to economic efficiency were analyzed, and a conclusion was formed at the end of the article.