This article analyzes the development of the fisheries sector in the Republic of Uzbekistan, particularly in the Syrdarya region, using econometric methods. The study highlights the role of fish products in food security, public health, and economic diversification. The analysis is based on statistical data from 2010 to 2023 and evaluated using autocorrelation and the Durbin-Watson test. Forecast values for the next five years are developed, and practical conclusions are presented to further enhance the fisheries sector.

This article analyzes the sectoral structure of agriculture in Central Asian countries, highlighting its historical foundations and modern development trends. Using the cases of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan, the study examines the main agricultural sectors, crop production and livestock farming. Based on statistical data, the paper evaluates the efficiency of grain production, livestock outputs, fisheries, and forestry activities. Special attention is given to the challenges posed by water scarcity, climate change, and institutional constraints affecting agricultural sustainability. The findings suggest that diversification, innovative agro-technologies, and regional specialization are essential for ensuring food security and sustainable development in the region.