This article analyzes the impact of infrastructure on economic growth and explores the possibilities of increasing efficiency through standardization. Infrastructure has a significant impact on the economic development of the state, sustainable growth and competitiveness. The article reviews the effectiveness of state policies and implemented standards in various areas of infrastructure - transport, energy, communications and industrial infrastructure. The standardization process ensures the sustainability of economic growth through efficient resource management, the introduction of technological innovations and improving quality. Particular attention is paid to practical approaches to modernizing infrastructure in Uzbekistan and thereby achieving economic stability. The article also analyzes the economic benefits of the state's investment approach to infrastructure projects, including their role in creating jobs and strengthening competition in various sectors. The article, while demonstrating the positive impact of infrastructure and standardization on the economy, also assesses the future prospects of such policies.

This article, titled "The role and impact of cotton-textile clusters in economic development," examines the economic and social significance of cotton-textile clusters. The study explores the role of these clusters in creating job opportunities, supporting local economies, enhancing export potential, and fulfilling social responsibilities. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of environmental sustainability and sustainable development strategies. Through an analysis of methodologies, statistical data, and practical examples, the article provides insights into the contribution of cotton-textile clusters to economic development and offers guidance for future strategies.

Investments are one of the important factors determining the level of economic growth. The article analyzes the impact of centralized, decentralized investments and investments attracted on the basis of foreign credit on ensuring economic growth in our republic, as well as their econometric modeling. The relationship between investments and the level of economic growth was also analyzed by creating a multifactor econometric model.

This article aims to not only provide the historical significance of export structure in Uzbekistan but also to theoretically and analytically examine the potential connections between export conditions, relative prices, and economic growth in great detail. It begins by thoroughly examining the diverse paths taken by Central Asian countries, including a specific focus on Uzbekistan, in order to comprehensively understand the historical and socio - economic context. It then meticulously rationalizes and explores the development of the intricate linkages of interest, taking into account various economic factors, variables, and their interrelationships.

This study assesses the relationship between healthcare expenditures and sustainable economic growth using econometric analysis. The analysis is conducted using data from 44 countries and applies econometric models (OLS, Fixed Effects, IV (2SLS), GMM). According to the results of the Fixed Effects model, healthcare expenditures have a positive effect on economic growth. However, the results obtained using the IV model are close to those obtained by the OLS method, while the GMM model, which accounts for endogeneity, shows that healthcare expenditures may slow down economic growth. At the same time, the Sargan-Hansen test results indicate that the instrumental variables used are not fully valid. It is concluded that countries may stimulate economic growth by optimizing the volume and efficiency of healthcare expenditures.

The article analyzes the impact of inclusiveness on regional socioeconomic growth. Regional economic development reveals social relationships shaped by specialization, the rational use of existing potential and other resources (raw materials, labor, production), and location. The article examines the definition and content of inclusive growth, the factors influencing its implementation, and the assessment methodology, as well as the impact of the hospitality industry on inclusive economic growth. Opportunities for developing inclusive economic growth in the country, particularly in the Kashkadarya region, are analyzed, and proposals for their development based on principles of equality are put forward

The methodology for using artificial intelligence systems to achieve sustainable economic growth is an integral part of the modern digital economy. The article analyzes the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on economic processes, the methodological foundations for their effective implementation in management, production, financial and tax systems. It also highlights the possibilities of rational use of economic resources, increasing labor productivity and strengthening competitiveness with the help of artificial intelligence. The experience of foreign countries and the advantages and problems of implementing AI systems in the conditions of the economy of Uzbekistan are analyzed. The results of the study show that management approaches based on artificial intelligence are an important factor in achieving sustainable economic growth and increasing efficiency

This article examines the issues of assessing organizational and economic efficiency and analyzing human resource policy in toy manufacturing enterprises. The research focuses on the activities of “Green Line Toys” LLC and “Toys City” LLC. The study analyzes workforce size, age and position structure, wage policy, management costs, and financial performance over the period 2021–2025. Economic-statistical, comparative, and dynamic analysis methods were applied in the research process. The findings indicate that significant changes in workforce size and structure particularly during periods of intensified automation have a direct impact on the financial stability and profitability of enterprises. The study confirms that a balanced HR policy and effective optimization of management costs play a crucial role in improving organizational and economic efficiency

This article analyzes the role and importance of digital transformation in the sustainable development of the regional economy theoretically and methodologically. The impact of digital technologies - artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, IoT and electronic platforms on regional economic systems is studied, and their role in the efficient use of resources, increasing production productivity, enhancing investment attractiveness and ensuring socio-economic stability is substantiated. The study examines the institutional, economic and social aspects of digital transformation in regional development based on an integrated approach. The results obtained indicate the possibilities of reducing interregional disparities and achieving sustainable economic growth through the digitalization of regional policy.

The article examines the economic essence of digital transformation in the energy sector and analyzes methods for assessing its economic efficiency. The study substantiates the impact of digital technologies on energy companies, including cost reduction, minimization of energy losses, improvement of production efficiency, and enhancement of investment attractiveness. The concepts of digitization, digitalization, and digital transformation are compared, and their economic content is revealed. The main evaluation methods of digital transformation projects are analyzed, including the KPI system, scenario analysis, cost–benefit analysis, investment appraisal tools (NPV, IRR, payback period), and the integrated efficiency assessment model.

This scientific article discusses the theoretical foundations of resource taxation, its economic essence and role in ensuring the stability of the state budget. The study analyzes theoretical approaches to the taxation of natural, financial and human resources, their impact on economic efficiency and their significance in fiscal policy. It also examines the stages of development of the resource tax system, the principles of their establishment and the scientific basis from the point of view of economic theories - classical, neoclassical and institutional approaches. The results of the study show the possibilities of financing state socio-economic development programs, rational use of natural resources and ensuring environmental sustainability through resource taxes.

The article examines the relationship between the free economic zones operating on the territory of our state and the content of the tax policy. At the same time, the relationship between the functioning of free economic zones and the degree of effectiveness of the tax policy, the state's activities in the field of creating free economic zones, the level of their impact on the country's economy, as well as the development of theoretical proposals and practical recommendations in order to increase the effectiveness of the implemented tax policy.

This article examines the factors influencing the development of women's entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan's economy, focusing on their role in the service sector. The paper analyzes the economic and social conditions necessary to promote women's entrepreneurial activities, including education, financial support, and the role of state policies. It explores the position of women entrepreneurs in the service sector and their impact on the economy, highlighting existing challenges and potential solutions to address them.

This article provides a scientific analysis of the role of the informatization process in societal development, as well as its impact on economic, social, and spiritual life. The widespread implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT), the process of "digital transformation," and their role in radically changing social relations are examined and analyzed. The research employed methods of literature review, comparative analysis, and a systematic approach. The results indicate that countries with a high level of informatization experience accelerated economic growth rates, enhanced effectiveness of social management, and a highly developed intellectual potential of the population.

This article examines the strategic role of foreign investment in promoting sustainable and inclusive economic development in Uzbekistan. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of foreign direct investment on production, technological modernization, export capacity, and the labor market. The study also presents institutional recommendations for improving the effectiveness of foreign capital utilization, drawing on international experience and national reform strategies.

Investment is the key to economic recovery, and various countries constantly grapple with the same problem: how to attract it. The creation of special economic zones in one form or another is one of the effective macroeconomic tools for attracting foreign investment into the economy. This article examines SEZs in the context of their impact on the regions of Uzbekistan and provides an analysis of their current development. The analysis and systematization of SEZs allows us to draw conclusions about development trends, the need to create export-oriented enterprises, and strengthen the assessment of their activities and contribution to the economies of Uzbekistan's regions.

This article analyzes the opportunities for developing ecotourism based on Uzbekistan’s natural resources and its impact on economic activity. The influence of ecotourism on local employment, regional infrastructure, and small business development is highlighted. As an example, the experience of the Zaamin National Park in Jizzakh region is presented. The study applies statistical analysis, SWOT analysis, and a regional comparative approach. The results demonstrate that the development of ecotourism through a comprehensive approach can contribute to economic stability.

The article examines the issue of effective utilization of tourism and recreational resources in Uzbekistan and its impact on the economic efficiency of the tourism sector as well as the share in the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Based on the review of scientific literature, various theoretical approaches to the management of recreational resources are analyzed. Statistical indicators for 2019–2024 were studied using data from the State Committee on Statistics, the Ministry of Tourism and Cultural Heritage, and the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). The results of the research demonstrate that during the pandemic years the use of resources sharply declined; however, in 2022–2023, due to the expansion of infrastructure and the increase in the number of tourists, the economic significance of tourism grew and its share in GDP reached 5.5%. These findings confirm that the effective use of tourism and recreational resources is a decisive factor in ensuring the sustainable development of the tourism industry and enhancing its economic potential.

With the rapid development of technologies and the intensification of global competition, the importance of digital processes in all spheres of human life is increasing. It will not be a mistake to say that the use of digital technologies in all aspects of socio-economic life, starting with the public administration system, has become a key factor determining the development and future of the industry. The article pays special attention to the scientific substantiation of the main trends and historical stages of the formation of the digital economy, the processes that determined its development, as well as the general characteristics of the modern economic system. In addition, against the background of the progressive development of digital technologies and their integration into the global economy, the main trends in the development of the digital economy are recently analyzed and appropriate conclusions are made. The study considers the state of the world market, the balance of supply and demand, as well as the contribution of modern economic knowledge and digital technologies to trade. The impact of such trends as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud technologies, blockchain, cryptocurrencies, mobile technologies, e-commerce and digital financial services on economic efficiency will be considered, and proposals will be put forward on the state of development of the digital economy, current problems and main areas of prospects using the example of Uzbekistan.

This article analyzes the role of the digital economy in the development of the modern economy. The digital economy, which has emerged due to the rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICT), has a profound impact on global economic processes. The article examines key components of the digital economy, including e-commerce, Fintech, big data analytics, artificial intelligence and cloud technologies. These technologies significantly contribute to economic growth by increasing productivity, creating new jobs, stimulating innovation and facilitating market access. At the same time, the article also discusses issues related to the development of the digital economy, such as digital inequality, cyber security and data security. The article concludes by proposing ways to achieve sustainable and inclusive economic growth by balancing the positive and negative aspects of the digital economy.

This article analyzes the economic nature of trade services and their classification. Trade services are a crucial component of the market economy, facilitating the efficient organization of the process of delivering goods and services to consumers. The article examines the key characteristics of trade services, their economic significance, and their classification based on various criteria. Additionally, the impact of modern trade services and digital technologies on their development is analyzed.

The economic substance of the economyʼs primary indicators, inflation, and unemployment, as well as the dynamic indicators of these economic categories, have been investigated using economic-statistical methodologies. An econometric model was built after examining the quantitative relationship between inflation and unemployment. Modeling the impact of unemployment on inflation changes yielded predicted indicators for these variables in the coming years. 

This article comprehensively analyzes the environmental problems arising against the backdrop of the acceleration of the globalization process and their impact on demographic processes. In the 21st century, the deepening of economic cooperation, the acceleration of industrialization, the practice of unlimited use of resources, and the expansion of transnational production chains are leading to a sharp increase in environmental pressure. Such factors as atmospheric pollution, global warming, water scarcity, soil degradation, and a decrease in biodiversity are seriously changing not only natural ecosystems but also demographic indicators related to human life. The study highlights the direct and indirect impact of environmental problems on such processes as the birth rate, mortality rate, migration flows, public health, the quality of labor resources, and territorial demographic imbalance. In particular, in regions with a high level of environmental risk, such demographic changes as a decrease in births, an increase in morbidity, an increase in premature deaths, an increase in ecological migration, and a decrease in population potential have been noted. Also, based on scientific sources, it is shown that factors such as water scarcity or drought caused by global climate change have become one of the main determinants of population migration strategy

This article discusses the impact of digital marketing strategies on the development of small businesses, discusses the concept and essence of digital marketing, the most important aspects of digital marketing, digital marketing and its economic impact on the development of small businesses. It also examines digital marketing, its main advantages, and the most important areas. In addition, the problems in implementing digital marketing and ways to overcome them are examined based on facts.

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of macroeconomic indicators on the standard of living and well-being of the population. Using the example of the economy of Uzbekistan, the impact of macroeconomic changes observed during 2020-2024 on the level of well-being of the population is analyzed, and existing problems and proposals for their elimination are developed.