This article analyzes the agrotechnical and economic efficiency of sesame cultivation in the areas of the Republic of Karakalpakstan with high salinity. Also, the research work has compared the sowing indicators and yields of sesame variety "Tashkent-122" on May 15 and June 15, and it was found that sowing on May 15 is the most effective time. According to the results of the economic analysis, sowing on May 15 brought 41.8% higher income than on June 15. This result indicates the importance of choosing the right sowing date and seed rate, and on this basis, proposals and recommendations have been developed to optimize sesame cultivation in the conditions of Karakalpakstan and increase economic efficiency.