This article discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations of wage accounting in educational institutions. Proposals and recommendations have also been developed to improve payroll accounting in educational institutions.

В статье исследуется зарубежный опыт формирования инновационной экономики и обеспечения занятости населения в данном процессе. С учётом роли высшего образования в создании инноваций и новых рабочих мест проведён сравнительный анализ направлений обеспечения занятости, включающий повышение качества системы образования, создание новых рабочих мест, обеспечение эффективной занятости, а также использование новых форм и видов занятости. В контексте формирования инновационной экономики разработаны научно-практические подходы, направленные на содействие занятости в инновационной деятельности на основе использования модели RDIE, учитывающей занятость высококвалифицированных работников в сфере научных исследований и опытно-конструкторских разработок (НИОКР), наличие инновационной инфраструктуры, высокую долю частного сектора в финансировании данной сферы, а также инновационную активность малого и среднего бизнеса.

To assess the standard of living, the following system of indicators is used: the average wage of employees; the purchasing power of the population based on average wages and pensions; the minimum consumer budget for the main socio-demographic groups of the population; the subsistence minimum, the consumer basket and the structure of consumer spending of various socio-demographic groups of the population. The level of income, including wages of the population, is associated with the social well-being of the family. Depending on the level of income, a person achieves a certain goal: survival, material prosperity, development.

This article provides an empirical analysis of the key economic factors influencing regional disparities in household income. The study examines indicators such as per capita income, average wages, employment rate, investment volume, and healthcare infrastructure availability. The findings reveal that wage levels and the amount of attracted investments are the main determinants of income growth, while employment rates and healthcare resources exert indirect effects, serving as supplementary drivers of regional welfare. The results have both theoretical and practical significance for the development of regional economic policies aimed at reducing income disparities across territories

Food price volatility is a key concern in global agricultural markets, influencing economic outcomes in both urban and rural areas. In rural labor markets, where a significant portion of households depends on agriculture, the impacts of food price fluctuations are multifaceted. This paper investigates the effects of food price volatility on rural labor markets, focusing on different agricultural product types. We analyze the direct and indirect consequences on employment, wages, income distribution, and migration patterns. The study highlights that the impacts vary across regions and product categories, with staple crops, cash crops, and livestock products exhibiting distinct economic dynamics. Using both theoretical frameworks and empirical data, the paper offers insights into policy strategies that can mitigate the adverse effects of price volatility, fostering more resilient rural labor markets.

In our country, a youth policy has been developed for the younger generation, especially for them to take their place in society, and this policy has been strengthened by a legal basis and is enshrined in our main document, the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan and a number of regulatory documents, as well as a statement of research aimed at ensuring profitability in increasing population entrepreneurship.

Scientific proposals and practical recommendations are given, paying attention to issues such as the current situation and solutions observed in the population, the scientific potential of the population, the situation in education, assistance to the population with poor social status, providing them with modern education in achieving a level of spiritual maturity, and especially providing them with employment.

The article develops recommendations on the application of the proposals and recommendations on the role of banks in increasing population entrepreneurship in the process of compiling reports of JSCB "Mikrokreditbank".

How does globalization affect labor markets and migration processes? In this study, the authors examine how globalization affects job opportunities, wages, and labor mobility. While skilled workers benefit from increased global opportunities, low-skilled workers face greater economic uncertainty. The study also examines the challenges of return migration, including skill mismatch and labor market reintegration difficulties. The results of the study suggest that globalization affects different workers in different ways, requiring policies that ensure fair opportunities and economic stability for all.

The article examines the relationship between the income levels of citizens and the development of human capital, as well as the standard of living of the population in the context of regional economic growth in Uzbekistan. The structure of income across different regions is analyzed, and the impact of income on access to education, healthcare, and other aspects of human capital is assessed. The study is based on data regarding wages and incomes in various economic sectors. The purpose of the article is to identify key factors influencing the improvement of the standard of living of the population and to develop recommendations for optimizing regional economic policy for sustainable development.