Vol. 1 No. 5 (2023): Economic development and analysis

This article explores and analyzes the specific features of digitization, the concept, types and differences of terms of digitization and digital transformation, the future share of digital technologies in foreign countries, the advantages and disadvantages of digital technologies in business, the criteria of the digital economy and large online business models, and gives the necessary conclusions and suggestions.

The Islamic finance industry resiliently grew by 17% in 2021, reaching nearly US$4 trillion in total assets. The growth was evident across sectors including Islamic banking, Sukuk, Islamic funds, and other financial institutions. Notably, Islamic banking, comprising 70% of assets, expanded due to government support, operational efficiency, and strong demand. Net income surged by 290%, while average return on assets also increased. The rise of fully digital Islamic banks globally and responses to the LIBOR transition, such as Malaysia's MYOR-i and Oman's Islamic money market instruments, highlighted industry innovation. Efforts to enhance sustainability, governance, knowledge, and awareness through the Islamic Finance Development Indicator (IFDI) underscore industry progress, positioning Islamic finance for continued growth and innovation.

In this article, the need for a mortgage loan, its working mechanisms, and specific aspects of the Islamic mortgage offered by Islamic financial institutions were studied. Also, the Islamic financial instruments used in housing financing in different countries and their advantages were analyzed, and a comparative analysis of the Islamic mortgage and the mortgage offered by traditional banks was also carried out.

This article discusses the importance of foreign investments in the macroeconomic stability of the country, the problems observed in direct attraction of foreign investments, large-scale reforms carried out in recent years in order to achieve stable economic growth in our country. Ways to increase the amount of investments per capita will be studied. In the analysis part, the factors affecting macroeconomic stability are analyzed in depth through comparative and selective methods and results are obtained. Based on the observations and analysis, conclusions and suggestions are given.

The article examines monetarism and its development, theoretical concepts and factors influencing it, studies of classical scholars are studied and compared with modern theories. Definitions of monetarism by scientists in scientific schools, their influence on the formation and development of the economy were analyzed.

In the article, the development of the activities of corporations in the capital market, improvement of their activities and participation in new modern projects, and further development of the economy through corporate governance.

The strategy ”Uzbekistan – 2030" provides for the implementation of such tasks as bringing the average income per hectare to $ 5,000 in terms of achieving the goal of a sharp increase in productivity and profitability in agriculture, bringing the volume of exports in the agricultural sector to $ 10 billion per year, bringing productivity indicators on average 45-50 quintals from cotton, 80-85 the practical implementation of such tasks depends primarily on the state of use of irrigated land. It follows from this that this article will focus on improving the use of irrigated land.

This article describes the issues of improving the methodological aspects of the analysis of the effectiveness of the use of fixed assets. In particular, the approach was implemented based on detailing the influencing factors in the analysis of the indicators representing the efficiency of the use of fixed assets, the index of fund return and the factors influencing its change. This made it possible to accurately assess the impact levels of each factor on the change of the fundʻs return.

This article explores the essence and role of alternative sources of financing in the context of the development of competition in lending markets, with a focus on microcredit organizations. The author analyzes the influence of microcredit organizations on the dynamics of competition, their ability to reduce barriers to access to financial services and improve lending conditions for small businesses and people with limited financial resources. The study results highlight the importance of microcredit organizations in promoting competition and expanding financial inclusion for a wide range of consumers and entrepreneurs.

In this article, the administration of taxation of value-added tax in our country is studied, and it is also connected with the improvement of value-added tax. The article analyzes the specific features of calculating the value-added tax base, some complications and problems in its determination, and focuses on issues of improving the formation of the tax base. In addition, based on the results of the changes and additions made in determining and calculating the value-added tax base, relevant conclusions were formed and recommendations were developed.

The article points out that in recent years, the efforts of tax authorities to create favorable conditions for doing business in the tax and financial spheres, to improve the investment environment, and to combat the widespread practice of tax evasion and concealment of income by taxpayers, are not being carried out consistently. a study was conducted to analyze and evaluate the results of the decline in discipline, the preservation of the scale of the underground economy, and the deterioration of business conditions for honest entrepreneurs.

This article highlights potential strategies and approaches for improving taxpayer service mechanisms in Uzbekistan. Implement a comprehensive digital transformation strategy to modernize the tax administration. Development of user-friendly online portals and mobile applications that enable taxpayers to file returns, make payments and access tax information conveniently. Initiate taxpayer education campaigns to increase awareness of tax obligations, benefits and deadlines. Simplification of tax procedures and forms, their simplification and convenience for taxpayers. In particular, simplification of taxation requirements for small businesses and individual taxpayers will be explored. Increase transparency in tax processes by providing taxpayers with clear explanations on tax assessment and refunds, and invest in training and capacity building of tax authorities to ensure effective service to taxpayers. Improving taxpayer service mechanisms in Uzbekistan is important to encourage voluntary compliance, reduce tax evasion and promote a positive business environment.

This article examines the process of transforming the report on leasing operations in leasing companies and the procedure for submitting a report based on international standards and shows the basic information.

In this article, after studying the experiences of advanced foreign countries in the taxation of natural resources in our country, it is proposed to organize their taxation, ensure the necessary level of collection of taxes and other mandatory payments, implement the tax administration of taxpayers and fundamentally improve the provision of service and technical services on the basis of mutual cooperation in the fulfillment of tax obligations. special attention is paid.

This article discusses debt slavery, the first adoption of the bankruptcy law, government defaults, the occurrence of insolvency, elements of insolvency, the need to change the statute of limitations for collecting tax debts, artificial debt, writing off bad debts and other issues. improving its mechanism by studying foreign experience.

The article discusses that the tax administration methodology is an important aspect of the tax system, and its continuous improvement is important in ensuring the effective collection, compliance and fairness of taxes. Also, the main problems encountered in the tax administration were considered and ways of improvement were proposed. In addition, several strategies for improving tax administration are proposed to solve the problems. The improved methodology of tax administration is based on the fact that it helps to create a fair and efficient tax system that supports economic growth and sustainable development.

This article presents issues of increasing the volume of Islamic investments in our country by studying the Islamic financial market. It provides useful theoretical implications for the economy of our country by analyzing the Islamic financial market and its segments.

This article focuses on ways to solve the water problem in our country and in Central Asia. At the same time, it was proposed to speed up the implementation of modern digital technologies that meet the requirements of the present time, that is, water-saving technologies, thereby preventing the increase in the cost of agricultural products.

This article examines the legal basis of land taxation, according to which the legal directions of the effective organization of the land tax administration in the tax policy of our country, the ways of their rational use, and also the economic and financial issues related to the land tax are clarified in the legislation.

In this article, the economic importance of real estate, the fact that real estate taxation increases the competitiveness of property and has an important place in determining the tax base, are developed based on the analysis, and relevant recommendations are developed.

In the article, research was conducted on ways to improve the methodological foundations of tax audits conducted by tax authorities and evaluate their effectiveness, and conclusions and proposals were formed within the framework of the research.

In this article, digitization of the payment sector has become a real need of the hour, because life in the digital world imposes various demands on financial processes, which innovative technologies, including distributed ledgers and smart contracts, are designed to meet.

This article describes the reforms being implemented in the agricultural sector, the cluster method of agricultural production, achievements in the cultivation and export of fruits and vegetables in the republic, the structure of exports of fruits and vegetables, the results of an analysis of countries importing fruits and vegetables.

This article examined the state of the labor market under the influence of digital technologies entering our country, employment indicators of the population, modern forms of employment, the views of foreign and domestic scientists in this regard, the analysis of the level of employment in the ICT sector and a number of issues related to the industry. In the context of the transition to the digital economy, conclusions and proposals were made in the appropriate order for the provision of employment of the population.