In the context of the digital economy, there is a growing need to assess the role and significance of metacognitive abilities in the formation of digital competencies within the educational process, as well as their impact on learning effectiveness. The development of components such as metacognitive planning, monitoring, and reflection has been shown to significantly enhance learners’ ability to use digital technologies in a conscious, critical, and effective manner. In particular, the implementation of metacognitive approaches ensures the sustainable development of digital competencies and strengthens independent learning skills. The necessity of integrating metacognitive approaches across all levels of education in order to prepare a workforce that meets the requirements of the digital economy is substantiated