This article analyzes the methodologies for managing the financial resources of local budgets in the context of regional socio-economic development. First, within the framework of fiscal centralization and decentralization principles, it examines local budgets’ independent revenue sources, share-based taxes, and the mechanism of transfers allocated from the central government. Next, based on the principles of medium-term budget planning, ensuring budget balance, and performance-oriented budgeting, it presents methods for effective on-site resource allocation. Furthermore, by enhancing participatory budgeting and public involvement, the study explores how transparency and control over local financial resource use are strengthened. The article also discusses approaches to reducing socio-economic disparities between regions through general (free) transfers, the subvention-grant system, and horizontal equalization instruments. Additionally, it investigates the impact of tax reforms, investment financing, and risk management methods on the sustainability of local budgets. The research concludes with practical recommendations for improving local budget management methodologies—introducing a formula-based transfer mechanism, expanding interactive budget portals, and enabling the issuance of local bonds. Based on applied research and official statistics, the article aims to identify effective tools for financing regional development strategies.

This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations for improving control mechanisms over the targeted use of public budget funds. The study analyzes the role of budget control within the public financial management system, as well as modern approaches and international best practices. Furthermore, key challenges hindering the efficient use of budget resources in Uzbekistan are identified, and scientifically grounded recommendations are proposed to address them. The findings highlight the importance of implementing risk-based approaches, digital technologies, big data analytics, and public oversight mechanisms in strengthening budget control systems. The practical significance of the study lies in enhancing the efficiency of public financial management and reinforcing fiscal discipline

The article is dedicated to the significance of implementing the budget management system in industrial enterprises as part of ensuring key performance indicators for socio-economic and institutional transformations in the Republic of Uzbekistan within the framework of the "Uzbekistan – 2030" Strategy. Special attention is given to the role of industrial policy and technological modernization in achieving sustainable economic growth. The article also presents arguments justifying the implementation of the budget management system as a tool for enhancing the efficiency of industrial enterprises, reducing production costs, increasing labor productivity, and transforming strategic goals into a managed and effective process

This article comparatively analyses financial management models in higher education institutions of the United States, Germany, South Korea and Finland, drawing on official financial reports and international organisation data. The study reveals key principles of foreign practice in revenue diversification, performance-based funding, competitive grant programmes and digital budget management. The findings are summarised as evidence-based practical recommendations for Uzbekistan's higher education institutions

The paper addresses the issues of improving the budget treasury system in the context of an innovative economy, with a focus on the introduction of digital technologies. It analyzes modern approaches to the automation of treasury processes, the use of electronic payment systems and blockchain technologies, as well as the role of cloud solutions in enhancing the transparency and efficiency of public finance management. The paper discusses the challenges and barriers faced by developing countries, including Uzbekistan, in integrating these technologies. Based on the analysis of international experience, recommendations for improving the treasury system are proposed, including legal adaptation, the development of human resources, and infrastructure improvement. The study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the successful integration of innovations in the financial sector and ensure the sustainability of the budget system.

Public procurement is one of the key components of the economic system, playing a crucial role in the efficient allocation of state budget funds and the implementation of socio-economic objectives. The origins of public procurement date back to ancient times, and its developmental stages have evolved over time to adapt to modern requirements. While the initial stages were characterized by simple barter systems, contemporary public procurement has transformed into a complex process involving electronic platforms and management systems based on international standards.

This article is dedicated to analyzing the public procurement system conducted by budget organizations in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Public procurement serves as an essential tool for the effective management of the nation’s financial resources, particularly in ensuring prudent spending of state funds and enhancing transparency. This article provides a detailed analysis of the economic efficiency and savings achieved through electronic auctions in public procurement during 2022–2024. It also examines advanced practices in public procurement digitalization employed by countries like South Korea, the United States, and the European Union, considering the possibilities for their application in Uzbekistan. The research highlights the economic efficiency of conducting competitive, cost-effective, and transparent public procurements through electronic auctions.

The article explores the theoretical and practical aspects of the institutional characteristics of financial accountability and transparency. It examines the reforms implemented in Uzbekistan aimed at modernizing the public financial management system, enhancing budget process openness, and gradually adopting international financial reporting standards. Based on international experience (Finland, Canada, South Korea, Australia, Sweden), the study highlights the key factors that ensure effective financial accountability and transparency: real-time data disclosure, institutionally independent auditing, and the use of digital technologies. Uzbekistan’s PEFA scores and Open Budget Index results are analyzed, identifying existing challenges and suggesting policy directions for improvement. The findings demonstrate that strengthening national legislation, adopting internationally standardized reporting formats, expanding public participation, and introducing modern digital technologies are crucial for consolidating the institutional foundation of financial accountability and transparency

In this article, in order to stabilize the financial situation of prestigious companies in the world, create new jobs and achieve economic growth, it is necessary to "transition to international standards of management, use transfer pricing in the process of concluding financial transactions in entities of the cluster and cooperative system, and present financial and management reports on operational segments." . International experience testifies to the fact that a sufficient information base has been formed on the theoretical, methodological and organizational aspects of these problems, and special scientific and innovative research is being conducted in this regard. According to the research, "US Federal Tax Service (IRS) received 3.4 billion dollars obtained as a result of illegal allocation of royalties and other costs in the process of trade deals between UK and US companies in the process of formation of transfer pricing." that dollar income was returned to the main company located in England" indicates the seriousness and importance of the issue.

The article analyzes the objective necessity of taxing enterprises for the use of subsoil resources, its economic significance, and methodological foundations. Tax policy in the process of utilizing underground resources serves as a crucial tool for forming state budget revenues, ensuring the efficient use of natural resources, and maintaining environmental sustainability. Additionally, the article examines international experience and proposes effective models for Uzbekistan.

The article analyses the factors affecting the effectiveness of internal audit in budget (public-sector) organizations and the related systemic problems. It examines the influence of the internal audit unit’s independence, competence and institutional status, the impact of the internal control environment, financial management quality and data reliability on the audit, and the weak points in action-plan implementation, monitoring and feedback. The empirical basis is the list of the most frequent violations by audit organizations published by the Ministry of Economy and Finance and the results of the Ministry’s evaluation of the internal audit services of five ministries in the first half of 2025. The analysis shows that, although institutional factors such as independence, resources and competence score high (87–95%), risk-based planning (47.8%) and action-plan implementation (62.6%) score low and constitute the systemic weak point of effectiveness. The article concludes with practical recommendations to improve effectiveness

This article explores the practices of program-targeted and performance-based budgeting in the countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It examines the approaches used by various governments to improve the efficiency and transparency of the budgetary process. Particular attention is given to the interconnection between the development of government programs, the system of performance evaluation, and managerial decision-making. The paper analyzes both successful implementation examples and existing limitations of these mechanisms. The study concludes on the importance of adapting international experience in the context of modernizing the budgetary systems of countries with transitional economies.

This article considers foreign experience as an important factor in ensuring the effectiveness and sustainable development of financial planning in enterprises. In developed countries, financial planning is carried out, first of all, in combination with market mechanisms, digital technologies and financial control systems. Efficient allocation and optimization of financial resources, the use of automated models for budgeting and forecasting, the implementation of modern risk management methods, compliance with international financial reporting standards, and ensuring financial transparency and accountability based on corporate governance principles are of great importance. At the same time, the experience of foreign enterprises shows the widespread use of innovative financing sources - venture capital, bonds, leasing and crowdfunding. The analysis of these experiences serves as an important methodological basis for Uzbek enterprises to improve the effectiveness of financial planning, strengthen competitiveness and accelerate the integration processes into world markets

The article presents an analysis of the possibilities of using financial technologies to implement the functions of the state treasury, their advantages and benefits, as well as the risks and obstacles that may arise during their application.

The article examines the specific features of improving the audit system in the public sector in the Republic of Uzbekistan, its institutional and organizational foundations, and issues of increasing its effectiveness. It also theoretically substantiates the importance of auditing in strengthening public financial control, ensuring targeted and rational use of budget funds, and increasing transparency and accountability in the management of public assets