The article examines the role of Islamic banking in stimulating the inflow of investments into the real sector of the economy. Islamic financial institutions, based on Sharia principles, ensure fair risk-sharing, transaction transparency, and a focus on projects with real economic value. Based on an analysis of theoretical foundations and the experience of countries with a developed Islamic financial system, it is revealed that Islamic banking contributes not only to attracting domestic and foreign investments but also to enhancing the stability of the financial sector. Particular attention is given to the prospects for implementing Islamic banking in Uzbekistan as a factor in supporting small and medium-sized businesses, developing infrastructure, and strengthening trust in the banking system.

The article presents information on the study of the legal and economic characteristics of incentive instruments used by the state, banks, and international financial institutions to support various sectors of the economy, attract investments, and ensure sustainable development.

In this article, 5 real sector enterprises operating in Uzbekistan were taken as the object of research, i.e. “Kvarts” JSC (KVTS), “Kizilqumsement” JSC (QZSM), “Kokon Mechanical Plant”JSC (KUMZ), “Uzbekistan Metallurgical Combine” JSC (UZMK), “Almalik Mine-Metallurgical Combine” JSC (AGMK) were obtained. During the analysis, the activity of joint stock companies in the stock market and stock index data from 2017 to 2024 were taken. In order to avoid reducing the level of accuracy of the research due to sudden changes during the pandemic, the research period was divided into pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. The Sortino coefficient was used to assess the financial risks of the investment portfolio, and the advantages and disadvantages of using this coefficient were analyzed.

The article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the economic essence, content, and classification of construction services. Within the framework of the evolution of service sector theory, construction services are examined as an independent type of economic activity. The study substantiates the role of construction services in the investment and construction process, their impact on the development of the real sector, regional economic growth, and the formation of human capital. A classification of construction services based on functional, technological, and economic characteristics is proposed, highlighting their importance in creating high value added. The findings have practical significance for the development of the construction services market, improvement of management mechanisms, and ensuring sustainable economic growth.