The article presents an analysis of international standards of financial support for people in need of social protection, focusing on the main principles of the social protection system around the world, international standards, best practices, problems and opportunities for improvement. Drawing on human rights principles, including the right to social security and the right to an adequate standard of living, the study examines the diversity of approaches to financial support across countries, targeting, and eligibility criteria and makes recommendations for strengthening mechanisms for financial support for vulnerable populations.

Human capital, human rights, gender equality and sustainable development are a chain of interrelated issues that are relevant today. Gender equality is important in itself, it is also reflected in the role of women in the development of society and the strong influence of human potential on labor productivity. This article analyzes issues related to ensuring gender equality, improving the position of women in the labor market, continuing the policy of increasing the socio-political activity of women, and based on these analyzes, conclusions and suggestions are formulated.

The article presents groundbreaking research using advanced econometric models to understand the complex relationships between infant mortality, under-5 mortality, and female mortality in foreign countries. Conventional least-squares regression (OLS) and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were used to analyze data from 121 countries around the world to identify the complex interplay of factors that influence these important mortality rates. Approaches have also been developed to identify subtle dynamics affecting maternal and child health outcomes and to reduce mortality. The approaches and proposals of the authors are presented in the study.