This article is devoted to assessing structural changes in the chemical industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan. A brief review of the scientific literature on the topic is provided, namely, the ideas about the concept of structural change, structural growth, and standard composition. The results of the empirical analysis show the share of the production of basic chemical industry products in the structure of the economy (in percent), changes in the structure of the production of basic chemical industry products (in percent of the total), and standard values. At the end of the article, all the results of the calculations are summarized, and scientific conclusions and proposals are presented on the changes in the structure of the production of basic chemical industry products in the country.