This article examines the trends in the processes of the initial public offering (IPO) in world practice conducted in 1995-2023. The dynamics of the number of IPO processes conducted in world stock markets and funds raised on this basis are studied. Based on the study of the experience of large consulting companies, investment banks, the factors of ensuring the fair value of national companies in IPO processes are presented, as well as proposals and recommendations for the effectiveness of IPO processes.