The article examines the concepts of economic competence and its key components essential for the successful professional development of students. It highlights the features of economic competence and its structural elements, including knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and describes their content. An analysis is conducted on the relevance of developing economic competencies in the context of modern socio-economic realities. Finally, practical recommendations are proposed for the effective development of students' economic competence, which may be useful for educators and educational institutions.

This article discusses the concepts of profit, its types, as well as its economic essence. Profit is the main goal of any business, and maximizing it is the main objective. The study and correct formation, distribution and use of profits is an indicator of the competent implementation of a business. The article discusses various types of profit, as well as various ways of generating profit. This analysis will help determine which areas of activity should be developed and what should be cancelled. Statistical data on the profits of enterprises for the last year period are also considered. According to the data, it can be observed that many enterprises may be unprofitable, but not cease their activities, since this area of activity is necessary for the country’s economy

This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of special economic zones, and presents the different aspects of free economic and special economic zones. The purpose of the article is to research the foreign trade policy from a scientific point of view, which has achieved an "economic miracle" through the formation of special economic zones in the world economy, that is, the organization and development of the activities of special economic zones in the world economy, and the development of the national economy. on the basis of summarizing its positive aspects, it is to develop proposals for the establishment of special economic zones in Uzbekistan and its development prospects, as well as the possibilities of using the world experience in the establishment of special economic zones in Uzbekistan. As a result of the research, the following conclusions and proposals were formed: free economic zones are also a type of special economic zones, and free zones describe the activity of free ports; in the practice of foreign countries, free trade zones, free production zones, free economic zones, technological-innovation parks and other types of special economic zones are widely used.

This article analyzes the level of development of Uzbekistan's securities market, as well as existing problems and shortcomings. The study examines the current state of the stock market, the activities of government and private sector securities, and their economic efficiency. Key issues identified include the low liquidity of the securities market, the limited range of investment instruments, weak integration into international financial markets, and a lack of financial literacy. Additionally, the article explores factors such as the underdevelopment of capital market infrastructure, information asymmetry, and the limited opportunities for Islamic finance.

This article discusses the application and modification of lease instrument, which is one of the services of Islamic finance. The important features of financing the lease transaction and the corresponding accounting policy and procedure are described and explained. In particular, it is emphasized that when using lease as an instrument of Islamic finance, the presence of an asset in the lease agreement, full provision of all descriptions and full fulfillment of the terms of the contract are among the most important aspects. In conclusion, it is substantiated that with this type of contract, the amount of fair rent does not lead to unjust enrichment as a result of the exchange of opposite values.

This article was described methodological aspects of assessment of the investment environment in the special economic zone. Have been studied Gain-Haizlep's terminological pipamide representing the attractiveness of the investment environment, as well as "BERI" index for assessing the attractiveness of the investment environment. Were determined and classified that indicators of assessment for investment activity and investment environment of special economic zones. The significance of special economic zone investment activity in the assessment of the investment environment is explained, and the role of tax incentives given to special economic zones in increasing the attractiveness of the investment environment is described. As a result, proposals and recommendations for assessing the attractiveness of the investment environment have been developed.

The transport system is one of the important factors in the development of the national economy. This article analyzes the contribution of the transport system to trade, industrial growth, employment and regional development by improving the efficiency of mass goods production, regular rapid and safe delivery of large volumes of goods over long (almost unlimited) distances provided by modern transport in any weather. In addition, the article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the types of transport and their shares in the volume of foreign trade. Then, the role of railway transport in increasing the export potential was determined and proposals for the development of railway transport were developed

The key economic task of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in market conditions is to ensure competitiveness in product markets in the area of their production specialization. In addition, long-term economic development dictates the need for a sufficient level of competitiveness in financial markets, that is, acceptable conditions for access to external sources of financing for operating and investment activities. Solving this problem is impossible without the implementation of large-scale investment projects that require significant amounts of financial and material resources. At the same time, in many sectors of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan there is a contradiction between the real need for the volume of financing of investment activities aimed at updating and developing the material and technical base, and the available sources of its own financial resources. One of the reasons for this situation is the lack of an effective management system for financial and investment activities, which is based on modern methodological principles and uses the latest technologies and tools for financial management of SMEs. All this predetermines the relevance of scientific substantiation of new methodological approaches to managing the investment activities of enterprises that are adequate to the current financial and economic conditions of their functioning.

Entrepreneurial activity, which has a significant contribution to the economic development of the country, is constantly supported by the state. In ensuring its economic security, it is important to analyze the economic situation of the activity, to determine the specific indicators of economic security, and with the help of this, to assess the economic security of the business activity. In this article, the necessary indicators for ensuring the economic security of business activity and the assessment of the level of economic risk of the activity are scientifically analyzed.

In this article, the essence of the economic category of the digital economy is scientifically and theoretically researched, the role of economic entities in the conditions of the digital economy, their socio-economic and economic activities, the impact of digital technologies on market entities, in particular, the organization and management of accounting in economic entities in this context. Issues such as importance are covered.

The article tried to highlight the reasons and new aspects of the increased importance of improving the system of supporting the positive impact of export and import on economic growth in our country. The characteristics and tasks of using its effective tools and methods are described based on learning the experiences of the world practice of effective foreign economic activity and the modern trends of the mechanism of promoting export and import through taxes. In the socio-economic development prospects of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030, directions for supporting the positive effect of effective export on economic growth are justified.

This article pays special attention to private indicators of the service sector in the context of the digital economy. In the context of the digitalization of the economy of our country, the method of regional approach in assessing the development of the service sector is also important for developing effective management decisions in this regard, improving the method of assessing the services provided. in the regions in the context of the digital economy in terms of volume per capita, proposals and recommendations are given

The article analyzes the current state of the economic activity of the enterprises of the joint-stock company "Uzbekneftgaz". In this analysis, the role of the enterprises of "Uzbekneftgaz" company in the energy sector, the current state of economic activity, the directions to be implemented and the quarter employees are determined.

In this article, the need to adapt the production of small businesses to the conditions of economic modernization has led to increased interest in the formation of an innovative infrastructure, since it is almost impossible to identify prospects and develop measures to increase the competitiveness of the industry in market conditions without anticipating further development trends. In this regard, important internal and external factors influencing the development of measures to develop the infrastructure of innovative services for small business enterprises are highlighted.

In this article, the essence of the economic category of the green economy is scientifically and theoretically researched, the role of economic entities in the conditions of the green economy, their socio-economic and economic activities, theoretical issues of accounting for capital investments, in particular, the organization and maintenance of accounting for capital investments in economic entities Issues such as importance are covered.