The article examines modern theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of sustainable development of regional agriculture. The patterns and principles of efficient production and market relations in agriculture are revealed, the trends in the development of regional agriculture are described on the basis of an economic and statistical analysis of the main indicators. Based on the identified trends in changes in the territory, directions for agricultural development have been determined. Proposals for the formation of directions and a mechanism for regulating the sustainability of agricultural development at the stage of economic modernization have been substantiated.