The given article explores the definitions related to the concept of rail diplomacy provided by diverse scientists and sources. It also covers the attitudes to rail diplomacy in different country cases as well as the prospects for the development of railway diplomacy in the conditions of integration of the counties into the world economy. The article touches upon the potential consequences and benefits of the application of the railway diplomacy for the whole economy and specific branches of it. The statistics dealing with the certain projects related to the railway diplomacy in definite countries were also used in the work.

This article examines the mechanisms for ensuring the financial stability of Uzbekistan's railway companies in the context of the industry's fundamental transformation. Analyzes the transition from a monopolistic model to a competitive market, focusing on methods of attracting private investment, public-private partnerships, and digitalization of financial control. The need to introduce a "unbundling" system and new long-term financing instruments to maintain liquidity in the context of large-scale infrastructure projects is substantiated