Countries are increasingly proposing investment attraction systems that aim to improve economic efficiency and achieve higher “green competitiveness” outcomes by better aligning environmental standards and growth policies under sustainability-oriented governance mechanisms. The need to develop and implement balanced investment strategies, drawing on international best practices to determine which environmental and economic indicators are appropriate and how to integrate them into national planning systems and sectoral development programs, is forcing emerging economies to rethink their policy instruments, regulatory mechanisms, and institutional capacities. This study aims to make this contribution, in addition to providing an analytical framework that reviews empirical papers that shed light on the interactions between investment attraction, environmental compliance, and policy coordination with dynamics such as sustainable fiscal policy, industrial modernization, regional development, or green transformation. Following a methodological synthesis, a comparative assessment of foreign investment development is prepared, in which environmental integration is linked to these key terms, economic diversification and institutional adaptation. This framework can serve as a benchmarking model and policy guidance for regulators, investors, analysts and decision-makers. This study has two main contributions. First, it is the first time that such a multi-criteria assessment table is being developed to demonstrate the interrelationship between economic and environmental aspects. Second, it captures the idea of compatibility between environmental protection and economic development, policy implementation and societal needs, national priorities and global standards, i.e. it requires flexible governance. This article provides Uzbek policymakers with important information and insights on how to take environmental commitments into account when attracting sustainable investment. The future research agenda provides broad opportunities for comparative analyses and applied studies on investment efficiency, sustainable growth, institutional capacity, and green transformation.

This article comprehensively analyzes the environmental problems arising against the backdrop of the acceleration of the globalization process and their impact on demographic processes. In the 21st century, the deepening of economic cooperation, the acceleration of industrialization, the practice of unlimited use of resources, and the expansion of transnational production chains are leading to a sharp increase in environmental pressure. Such factors as atmospheric pollution, global warming, water scarcity, soil degradation, and a decrease in biodiversity are seriously changing not only natural ecosystems but also demographic indicators related to human life. The study highlights the direct and indirect impact of environmental problems on such processes as the birth rate, mortality rate, migration flows, public health, the quality of labor resources, and territorial demographic imbalance. In particular, in regions with a high level of environmental risk, such demographic changes as a decrease in births, an increase in morbidity, an increase in premature deaths, an increase in ecological migration, and a decrease in population potential have been noted. Also, based on scientific sources, it is shown that factors such as water scarcity or drought caused by global climate change have become one of the main determinants of population migration strategy

This article will comprehensively analyze the role and potential of the green economy in the innovative development of regional infrastructure. Global climate changes, restrictions on Natural Resources, and increased environmental pollution are calling for the introduction of a green economy-based development model. Especially at the regional level, the formation of infrastructure in an environmentally sustainable and innovative direction is one of the pressing issues. The article covers the basic principles of the green economy, its impact on infrastructure development, the importance of environmentally friendly energy sources, waste-free technologies and sustainable transport systems. Also considered in regional projects are the possibilities of attracting green investments, increasing environmental efficiency, rational use of resources using digital technologies. This article can be useful for professionals, researchers working in the area of regional infrastructure, as well as practitioners engaged in innovative and environmental approaches.

This article examines the integrated package mechanisms of the circular economy from both theoretical and practical perspectives. It focuses on the coordination of economic, environmental, and institutional instruments as a unified system to enhance resource efficiency, reduce waste, and optimize recycling processes. The study analyzes the combined effects of financial incentives, tax instruments, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR), green investments, and public policy. The findings highlight the advantages of integrated approaches and justify their applicability in national economic systems

This article examines how Strategic Public Procurement (SPP) can be used to stimulate the green economy, focusing on both global practices and the specific context of Uzbekistan. Internationally, SPP has proven effective in driving sustainable innovation and reducing environmental impacts. The study analyzes best practices from the EU, OECD, and UN frameworks, and contrasts them with Uzbekistan’s current procurement system. Despite progress in green policy, Uzbekistan’s use of SPP remains limited. This paper identifies key gaps and proposes actionable reforms to align procurement with green development goals, offering a pathway to sustainable economic growth. Effective implementation of SPP in Uzbekistan could catalyze environmental innovation, support green SMEs, and reinforce the country’s commitments under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research emphasizes the need for legal reforms, capacity building, and financial incentives to enable this transition.

This article analyzes the main areas of effective use and management of natural resources in the economy. Based on scientific analysis, the economic and environmental importance of rational use of resources is studied, as well as effective management mechanisms based on international experiences. In practice, practical recommendations have been made for the introduction of resource-saving technologies, the expansion of renewable energy sources, the strengthening of environmental policies and the development of international cooperation. The importance of innovative approaches and public policy in the management of the use of natural resources in the economy is covered on a scientific basis.

The article analyzes the objective necessity of taxing enterprises for the use of subsoil resources, its economic significance, and methodological foundations. Tax policy in the process of utilizing underground resources serves as a crucial tool for forming state budget revenues, ensuring the efficient use of natural resources, and maintaining environmental sustainability. Additionally, the article examines international experience and proposes effective models for Uzbekistan.

Global climate change, rising air temperatures, drying up of the Aral Sea, desertification, recurrence of negative meteorological processes, rational use of land and water resources, reduction of biodiversity, deterioration of the gene pool of flora and fauna, and the increase in large amounts of industrial and household waste indicate that regional environmental problems are deepening day by day. Ensuring environmental safety in the country, consistently solving emerging environmental problems and uniting all forces of society in ensuring economic development is a state policy.

This article examines the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability in the context of a green economy. The study is based on the assumption that economic expansion and ecological balance should not be considered as opposing development objectives, but as interdependent components of long-term competitiveness. The research uses comparative analysis, statistical observation and a small-sample OLS regression model to assess the interaction between GDP growth, CO₂ emissions per capita and renewable energy indicators in Uzbekistan. The results show that growth in transition economies can remain connected with environmental pressure when institutional, technological and financial mechanisms of greening are not sufficiently developed. At the same time, the expansion of renewable energy capacity and the strengthening of ESG-oriented governance create opportunities for gradually reducing this dependence. The novelty of the study lies in linking green economy theory with empirical evidence and policy-oriented recommendations for an emerging economy context.

This research study examines the content analysis of tourism infrastructure and aims to assess the state of infrastructure based on a comprehensive approach that includes the country's transport networks, digital (smart) services, environmental monitoring and resilience to emergencies. The study analyzes transport infrastructure, smart tourism applications, green infrastructure and resilience factors before and after the pandemic. At the same time, it also highlights the problems of regional imbalances and digital inclusion. Practical measures for improvement are analyzed. The main objective of the study is to study tourism infrastructure based on an integrated assessment model, identify existing strengths and weaknesses and develop proposals to increase resilience in emergencies. This study is also of importance to policymakers and government agencies, tourism operators and digital platform owners, academic researchers and students of higher education institutions, local communities and regional development specialists, as well as ecology and environmental management organizations and specialists in the field of urbanization development. The scientific novelty of the study is that it makes a new theoretical and practical contribution to the topic by developing an assessment model and a set of empirical indicators that combine the components of tourism infrastructure with transport, smart services, environmental monitoring and resilience

This scientific article discusses the theoretical foundations of resource taxation, its economic essence and role in ensuring the stability of the state budget. The study analyzes theoretical approaches to the taxation of natural, financial and human resources, their impact on economic efficiency and their significance in fiscal policy. It also examines the stages of development of the resource tax system, the principles of their establishment and the scientific basis from the point of view of economic theories - classical, neoclassical and institutional approaches. The results of the study show the possibilities of financing state socio-economic development programs, rational use of natural resources and ensuring environmental sustainability through resource taxes.

В данном исследовании рассматривается анализ туристической инфраструктуры в Южной Корее с целью оценки состояния инфраструктуры на основе комплексного подхода, включающего компоненты транспортных сетей страны, цифровые (умные) услуги, мониторинг окружающей среды и устойчивость к чрезвычайным ситуациям. В исследовании анализируются транспортная инфраструктура, покрытие Интернетом и 5G, интеллектуальные туристические приложения, кибербезопасность, зеленая инфраструктура и факторы устойчивости до и после пандемии. В то же время будут также освещены вопросы регионального дисбаланса и цифровой инклюзивности. Анализируются практические меры по улучшению. Основная цель исследования — изучить туристическую инфраструктуру Южной Кореи на основе комплексной модели оценки, выявить имеющиеся сильные и слабые стороны и разработать предложения по повышению устойчивости в чрезвычайных ситуациях. Данное исследование также представляет интерес для политиков и государственных учреждений, туроператоров и владельцев цифровых платформ, научных исследователей и студентов университетов, местных сообществ и специалистов по региональному развитию, а также организаций по экологии и управлению природопользованием и специалистов в области развития урбанизации. Научная новизна исследования заключается в том, что оно вносит новый теоретический и практический вклад в тему путем разработки модели оценки и набора эмпирических показателей, объединяющих компоненты туристической инфраструктуры, транспорта, интеллектуальных услуг, мониторинга окружающей среды и устойчивости.

This article presents a comparative analysis of innovative mechanisms for railway transport development in developed and developing countries. It highlights differences in goals, tools, and institutional contexts of innovation implementation. A methodology is proposed to assess the effectiveness of digital and environmental innovations. Recommendations are provided for policymakers based on the principles of sustainable development.

The article presents a scientifically based methodology for developing the concept of territorial development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Theoretical approaches to spatial planning are investigated, including the growth poles concept, central places theory, and polycentric development models. The author proposes a scientifically based typology of Uzbekistan regions with identification of six types of territories: central capital region, growth poles of national importance, advanced development regions, structural modernization territories, priority state support regions, and environmental rehabilitation territories. For each type, specific development priorities, support instruments, and target indicators are defined. A system of target indicators for the territorial development concept has been developed, including economic, social, infrastructure, and environmental indicators. The mechanisms for implementing the concept through a system of state programs, investment projects, and institutional reforms are substantiated. The principles for developing the concept are defined: balance, polycentricity, territorial connectivity, sustainability, consideration of regional specifics, and inclusivity.

The article examines the role of insolation as a system-forming factor in the development and optimization of housing infrastructure under urbanization conditions. The interrelation between insolation and regional economic parameters is substantiated, including energy consumption, sanitary and hygienic indicators, and socio-demographic living conditions. Based on methods of mathematical modeling, algorithms for calculating and optimizing the insolation characteristics of residential development are proposed. Practical examples from housing construction in the city of Tashkent are analyzed, demonstrating the impact of insolation parameters on the economic indicators of the region. Conclusions and recommendations are formulated regarding the integration of insolation requirements into urban planning programs and housing policy projects.

The article analyzes key aspects of the green economy in Uzbekistan, including natural potential, current initiatives, and obstacles that need to be overcome for the successful implementation of this model. Green economy, based on sustainable development and efficient use of natural resources, is becoming an important area of economic policy in many countries.